Mapping the optic lobes for color vision

绘制色觉视叶图

• 批准号: 7344708
• 负责人: Claude Desplan
• 金额: $ 33.35万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-02-01 至 2012-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7344708
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Anatomy; Behavioral Genetics; Biological Markers; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Cells; Class; Clone Cells; Color; Color Visions; Complement; Computer information processing; Development; Discrimination; Drosophila genus; Electrophysiology (science); Event; Future; Genes; Image; Interneurons; Knowledge; Light; Logic; Maps; Mediating; Morphology; Neurons; Neurotransmitters; Numbers; Optic Lobe; Output; Pattern; Photoreceptors; Process; Purpose; Reporter; Retina; Rhodopsin; Role; Role playing therapy; Signal Transduction; Structure; Time; Transgenic Organisms; UV sensitive; Visual system structure; Work; base; behavior test; cell type; color detection; color processing; gain of function; gene function; migration; nerve supply; neuroblast; neuromechanism; neuronal cell body; research study; tool; transcription factor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Color vision relies on the comparison in the brain of inputs from photoreceptors sensitive to different wavelengths of light. In the Drosophila retina, color detection is mediated within each ommatidium by different sets of photoreceptors that have different specializations and are distributed stochastically in the retina; p ommatidia appear to discriminate among short wavelengths while y ommatidia discriminate among longer wavelengths. The inner PR's project to the medulla part of the optic lobe where comparison between R7 and R8 (and perhaps between p and y PRs) occurs. We offer to investigate the color vision circuitry in the medulla: What types of neurons are contacted by R7 and R8; is there a difference between p and y target neurons? How do interneurons interconnect PRs and target neurons? The three specific aims will help us understand color vision processing in the Drosophila visual system. 1. Map medulla neurons. We have characterized the morphology and projection patterns of 15 types of medulla neurons involved in processing color vision. We will identify molecular markers for these neurons, establish their connectivity and the direction of information flow between them. We will investigate the type of neurotransmitters used by the PR target and by modulatory neurons. We will also attempt to uncover whether distinct maps independently process information from p and from y ommatidia, and whether a special map deals with comparison between p and y photoreceptors. 2. We will reconstruct the lineage of medulla cells and establish the logic of medulla development: Is it based on a columnar organization whereby one neuroblast gives rise to distinct neurons near each PR termination? Is there extensive migration of modulatory, non-columnar neurons? How many neuroblasts are required for the development of the medulla? 3. How does photoreceptor innervation or activity affect the establishment of the color vision network? We will genetically ablate or electrically silence each of the specific PR subtypes and study how medulla neurons are affected in their development and projection patterns, thus revealing possible inductive events from the retina to the optic lobes. To address the function of the genes that are specifically expressed in the various classes of medulla neurons, we will use loss- and gain of function experiments to define the role they play in cell fate determination. We hope to be able to build a precise anatomical description of the medulla that will complement classical work performed by Cajal and by Fischbach. In the future, this work will be followed by a functional analysis using behavior tests that we have developed, and through activity imaging and electrophysiology. This will provide precise information on the mechanisms by which Drosophila processes color information.

描述（由申请人提供）：彩色视觉依赖于对光感受器对不同波长的光感受器的输入的比较。在果蝇视网膜中，颜色检测是通过具有不同专业的不同光感受器组在每个膜中介导的，这些光感受器在视网膜中随机分布。 p -ommatidia似乎区分了短波长，而yommatidia则区分较长的波长。内部PR的项目对视位叶的延髓部分进行了比较，其中R7和R8（也许是P和Y PR之间的比较）。我们提出要研究髓质中的色觉电路：R7和R8与哪些类型的神经元联系在一起； P和Y靶神经元之间是否存在差异？中间神经元如何互连PR和靶向神经元？这三个特定目标将有助于我们了解果蝇视觉系统中的色觉处理。 1。地图髓质神经元。我们表征了15种类型的延髓神经元的形态和投影模式，涉及处理色觉。我们将确定这些神经元的分子标记，建立它们之间的连通性以及它们之间的信息流。我们将研究PR靶标和调节神经元使用的神经递质的类型。我们还将尝试发现不同的地图是否独立处理P和y ommatidia的信息，以及特殊地图是否处理P和Y光感受器之间的比较。 2。我们将重建髓质细胞的谱系并建立延髓发育的逻辑：它是基于柱状组织，从而在每个PR终止附近都会产生一个神经细胞？是否有广泛的调节性非柱神经元的迁移？延髓的发展需要多少个神经细胞？ 3。感光受体神经或活性如何影响色觉网络的建立？我们将在遗传上消除或电沉降每个特定的PR亚型，并研究髓质神经元如何在其发育和投影模式中影响髓质神经元，从而揭示了从视网膜到视觉裂片的感应事件。为了解决在延髓神经元中特定表达的基因的功能，我们将使用功能实验的损失和增益来定义它们在细胞命运确定中所起的作用。我们希望能够对延髓进行精确的解剖学描述，以补充Cajal和Fischbach进行的古典作品。将来，这项工作将通过我们开发的行为测试以及通过活动成像和电生理学进行功能分析。这将提供有关果蝇处理颜色信息的机制的精确信息。