The Origin and Development of Drug Use Among Transnational Mexican Farmworkers

墨西哥跨国农场工人吸毒的起源和发展

• 批准号: 7500736
• 负责人: Victor Q Garcia
• 金额: $ 27.55万
• 依托单位: IUP RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7500736
• 关键词: Address; Agaricales; Age; Agriculture; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Amphetamines; Attention; Attitude; Behavior; Characteristics; Chronic; Cocaine; Communities; Condition; Consumption; Country; County; Data; Development; Drug usage; Ecology; Educational Status; Employment; Ethnography; Family; Family history of; Farming environment; Focus Groups; Fostering; Genealogy; Health Personnel; Health Policy; Home environment; Housing; Individual; Industry; Infiltration; Institution; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Life; Living Arrangement; Location; Marijuana; Marital Status; Mexican; Mexico; Modeling; Municipalities; Nomads; Pathway Analysis; Pattern; Peer Group; Peer Pressure; Pennsylvania; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Policies; Population; Predisposing Factor; Prevention intervention; Prevention program; Process; Public Health; Purpose; Recommendation; Recording of previous events; Recreation; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Rural; Side; Site; Social Environment; Social Identification; Social Interaction; Social Network; Social isolation; Substance abuse problem; United States; Work; Workplace; alcohol exposure; base; design; deviant; drug abuse prevention; ethnographic method; farm worker; field study; male; migration; programs; social; symposium

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Drug use among transnational Mexican migrants, predominantly solo males, is drawing public concern in many agricultural communities across the country. The current knowledge attributes the problem primarily to situational factors associated with living and working in US farming regions, but fails to consider other community factors in the United States (i.e., drug availability and the presence of a drug subculture in local communities) and Mexico (i.e., drug availability and the presence of a drug subculture) as well as individual factors (i.e., background characteristics and predisposing factors). The roles of these community and individual factors are unclear, as are the relationships between these factors and their specific connections to drug use. We propose a bi-national social ecology model of drug use comprised of community, individual, and other factors in the United States and Mexico to understand the manner in which these factors contribute to drug use among transnational migrants. This model has not been elaborated or verified because few studies have been conducted in both the U.S. agricultural work sites and in migrant home communities in rural Mexico, and because of the lack of coordinated bi-national drug use studies that consider factors in both countries. In order to substantiate and elaborate on the key factors in the social ecology model, the contributing factors in both the United States and Mexico will be explored through four progressive, ethnographic field studies conducted over a three-year period. The field studies will be conducted in Southern Chester County, a major mushroom producing region of southeastern Pennsylvania, and in three municipalities in Guanajuato, Mexico, location of the home communities of the Mexican migrants working in Pennsylvania. This approach is essential to gaining access to the migrant population and to describing the complexity of factors contributing to drug use among the migrants. In each of the four field studies, the researchers will reside on site and gather qualitative data using observations, ethnographic interviews, informal interviews, focus groups, social network analysis, and genealogies. The findings will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of drug use among migrant farmworkers and to the design of bi-national substance abuse intervention and prevention programs as called for in public health policies. These programs will address the causes of substance abuse on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border.

描述(申请人提供)：墨西哥跨国移民中的毒品使用，主要是单身男性，在全国许多农业社区引起了公众的关注。目前的认识将问题主要归因于与美国农业区的生活和工作有关的情景因素，但没有考虑美国和墨西哥的其他社区因素(即毒品可获得性和当地社区中毒品亚文化的存在)以及个人因素(即背景特征和易感因素)。这些社区和个人因素的作用尚不清楚，这些因素及其与药物使用的具体联系之间的关系也不清楚。我们提出了一个由美国和墨西哥的社区、个人和其他因素组成的两国药物使用社会生态模型，以了解这些因素对跨国移民药物使用的影响方式。由于在美国农业工作场所和墨西哥农村的移民家庭社区进行的研究很少，而且缺乏考虑两国因素的协调的两国药物使用研究，这一模型尚未得到详细或验证。为了证实和阐述社会生态模型中的关键因素，将通过在三年期间进行的四项渐进的人种学实地研究来探索美国和墨西哥的影响因素。实地研究将在宾夕法尼亚州东南部的主要蘑菇产区南切斯特县和墨西哥瓜纳华托的三个市政当局进行，瓜纳华托是在宾夕法尼亚州工作的墨西哥移民的家乡社区。这一办法对于接触移徙人口和描述导致移徙者吸毒的因素的复杂性至关重要。在四项实地研究中的每一项中，研究人员将驻扎在现场，使用观察、民族志访谈、非正式访谈、焦点小组、社会网络分析和谱系来收集定性数据。这些发现将有助于全面了解农民工的药物使用情况，并有助于根据公共卫生政策的要求设计两国药物滥用干预和预防计划。这些项目将解决美墨边境两侧药物滥用的原因。