Functional Brain Mapping in Schizophrenia

精神分裂症的脑功能图谱

• 批准号: 7406745
• 负责人: Antigona Martinez
• 金额: $ 15.67万
• 依托单位: NATHAN S. KLINE INSTITUTE FOR PSYCH RES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-15 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7406745
• 关键词: Applications Grants; Area; Brain; Brain Mapping; Diagnostic; Disease; Dorsal; Eye; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Health system; Image; Impairment; Individual; Lead; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Masks; Measures; Methods; Motion; Motion Perception; Participant; Patients; Personal Satisfaction; Photic Stimulation; Predisposition; Process; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Relative (related person); Resolution; Schizophrenia; Sensory Process; Staging; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stimulus; Stream; Surface; System; Techniques; Testing; Three-Dimensional Image; Variant; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Pathways; Visual system structure; area MT; base; behavior measurement; design; extrastriate visual cortex; hemodynamics; improved; magnocellular; neurophysiology; novel; parvocellular; reconstruction; relating to nervous system; response; retinotopic; visual process; visual processing; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sensory processing deficits constitute a central feature of schizophrenia. In the visual system, these deficits have typically been investigated using psychophysical and behavioral measures. The findings from many of these studies converge to show that schizophrenia patients, relative to healthy control subjects, have increased susceptibility to visual backward masking (VBM), impaired motion perception and eye tracking deficits. The primary aim of the current application is to apply novel hemodynamic measures of brain activity in parallel with three-dimensional images of the rendered cortical surface to systematically map sensory processing areas in schizophrenia. Our aim is to use these maps to visualize the precise location of cortical activity in response to many types of visual stimuli given to one subject. Functionally defining visual processing areas is an important and necessary first step towards gaining a more complete understanding of the neurophysiological and anatomical bases of visual pathway dysfunction in schizophrenia. A secondary aim of the proposed study is to acquire preliminary information regarding dysfunction within the magnocellular (dorsal) visual processing stream in schizophrenia. Dorsal stream dysfunction has been well documented in schizophrenia and increasing evidence suggests that these deficits are due to low-level magnocellular dysfunction. The final study in this application will evaluate magnocellular and parvocellular function in schizophrenia using functional MRI (fMRI). Understanding the integrity of the visual pathways is crucial to understanding high-level visual dysfunction in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a devastating disease that significantly impacts the public health system. Understanding the basic brain mechanisms that underlie this disorder is an important and necessary step towards gaining a more complete understanding of the disease and may lead to improved treatment strategies.

描述（由申请人提供）：感觉处理缺陷构成了精神分裂症的核心特征。在视觉系统中，通常使用心理物理和行为测量来研究这些缺陷。许多这些研究的结果都表明，与健康对照组相比，精神分裂症患者对视觉后向掩蔽（VBM）、运动知觉受损和眼球追踪缺陷的易感性增加。当前应用的主要目的是应用大脑活动的新型血流动力学测量方法与渲染的皮质表面的三维图像并行，以系统地绘制精神分裂症的感觉处理区域。我们的目标是使用这些图来可视化皮质活动的精确位置，以响应给予一个受试者的多种类型的视觉刺激。从功能上定义视觉处理区域是更全面地了解精神分裂症视觉通路功能障碍的神经生理学和解剖学基础的重要且必要的第一步。拟议研究的第二个目的是获取有关精神分裂症大细胞（背侧）视觉处理流功能障碍的初步信息。精神分裂症中的背流功能障碍已得到充分记录，并且越来越多的证据表明这些缺陷是由于低水平的大细胞功能障碍所致。本申请的最终研究将使用功能性 MRI (fMRI) 评估精神分裂症的大细胞和小细胞功能。了解视觉通路的完整性对于了解精神分裂症的高级视觉功能障碍至关重要。精神分裂症是一种严重影响公共卫生系统的毁灭性疾病。了解这种疾病背后的基本大脑机制是更全面地了解这种疾病的重要且必要的一步，并可能导致改进的治疗策略。