Latinos, Culture, and Obesity

拉丁裔、文化和肥胖

• 批准号: 8262764
• 负责人: LISA SANCHEZ-JOHNSEN
• 金额: $ 7.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-21 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8262764
• 关键词: Latinos; Culture; Obesity

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Overweight and obesity are linked to certain types of cancers and Hispanics/Latinos-the largest ethnic minority group in the United States-are disproportionately affected by obesity. Diet, physical activity, and body image are three factors that influence obesity. Unfortunately, the diets of many Latinos tend to be unhealthy, Latinos have low levels of physical activity, and Latinos hold a general cultural value favoring a degree of overweight-all factors that may increase rates of obesity. Although ethnic and racial differences in correlates of obesity have been examined, little research has been conducted to understand the factors that underlie these differences. This kind of research is important because racial categories and phenotypic characteristics exhibit more within-group than between-group variation. Recently, replacing the word `race' as an explanatory construct in research with conceptual variables such as ethnic identity has also been emphasized, placing more emphasis on cultural aspects of this construct. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to explore the role of four cultural variables (acculturation, acculturative stress, ethnic identity, and cultural values) that may help to explain the ethnic disparities in correlates of obesity (diet, physical activity, and body image) among Mexican and Puerto Rican women. Specific aims are to: 1) Explore the role of acculturation in diet, physical activity, and body image in 176 adult female Mexicans and Puerto Ricans; 2) Explore the role of acculturative stress in diet, physical activity, and body image in Mexicans and Puerto Ricans; 3) Explore the role of ethnic identity in diet, physical activity, and body image in Mexicans and Puerto Ricans; 4) Explore the relationships between Latino cultural values and diet, physical activity, and body image; and 5) Identify logistical/practical, and cultural considerations regarding the development of culturally proficient obesity interventions for Mexicans and Puerto Ricans. The rationale for this study derives from the PEN-3 Model (Airhihenbuwa, 1995), as well as models on cultural proficiency and tailoring and community participatory research. The PEN-3 theoretical model emphasizes culture as the central reason for health behavior and the primary consideration for health promotion programs. Culturally proficient research emphasizes the role of culture on affect, thoughts, and behaviors and encourages active community involvement. The findings from this study will aid in understanding the role of ethnicity and culture in obesity-related variables and identify cultural factors to consider when developing obesity interventions for Mexicans and Puerto Ricans. This project will position the principal investigator to apply for future federal research funding. Pilot data from this project will be used to develop and implement a culture-based, community participatory obesity intervention for Mexican and Puerto Rican females. The future R01 grant application will incorporate role of acculturation, acculturative stress, ethnic identity, and cultural values into a diet, physical activity, and body image intervention for Mexican and Puerto Rican females. Therefore, the findings from this present R21 grant application are a necessary and critical component to understanding the independent and interactive influences of Latino cultural variables and their relationship to correlates of obesity. Public Health Relevance: This research is important because it will enable the exploration of four cultural variables (acculturation, acculturative stress, ethnic identity, and cultural values) and their relationship to diet, physical activity, and body image in overweight Mexican and Puerto Rican women. Pilot data from this project will be used to develop and implement a culture-based diet, physical activity, and body image intervention for overweight Mexican and Puerto Rican women that will incorporate the role of acculturation level and the stress associated with the acculturation process, ethnic identity, and Latino cultural values.

描述（由申请人提供）：超重和肥胖与某些类型的癌症有关，西班牙裔/拉丁裔是美国最大的少数民族，他们受到肥胖的影响不成比例。饮食、体育活动和身体形象是影响肥胖的三个因素。不幸的是，许多拉丁美洲人的饮食往往是不健康的，拉丁美洲人的体育活动水平很低，拉丁美洲人持有一种普遍的文化价值观，偏爱一定程度的超重——所有这些因素都可能增加肥胖率。尽管人们已经研究了民族和种族差异与肥胖的相关性，但很少有研究来了解这些差异背后的因素。这类研究很重要，因为种族类别和表型特征在群体内比群体间表现出更多的变化。最近，“种族”一词作为研究中的解释性结构也被强调为概念性变量，如民族身份，更强调这一结构的文化方面。本横断面研究的目的是探讨四个文化变量（文化适应、文化适应压力、种族认同和文化价值观）的作用，这可能有助于解释墨西哥和波多黎各妇女在肥胖相关因素（饮食、体育活动和身体形象）方面的种族差异。具体目的是：1)探讨文化适应在176名墨西哥和波多黎各成年女性饮食、体育活动和身体形象中的作用；2)探讨异文化压力在墨西哥人和波多黎各人的饮食、体育活动和身体形象中的作用；3)探讨种族认同在墨西哥人和波多黎各人的饮食、体育活动和身体形象中的作用；4)探讨拉丁美洲文化价值观与饮食、体育活动和身体形象之间的关系；5)确定有关墨西哥人和波多黎各人文化精通肥胖干预措施发展的后勤/实际和文化考虑因素。本研究的理论基础来源于PEN-3模型（Airhihenbuwa, 1995），以及文化熟练度和剪裁模型以及社区参与研究。PEN-3理论模型强调文化是健康行为的中心原因，也是健康促进计划的首要考虑因素。文化精通型研究强调文化在情感、思想和行为上的作用，并鼓励积极的社区参与。这项研究的结果将有助于理解种族和文化在肥胖相关变量中的作用，并确定在为墨西哥人和波多黎各人制定肥胖干预措施时要考虑的文化因素。该项目将为首席研究员申请未来的联邦研究资金。该项目的试点数据将用于为墨西哥和波多黎各女性制定和实施基于文化的社区参与性肥胖干预措施。未来的R01拨款申请将把文化适应、文化压力、种族认同和文化价值观的作用纳入墨西哥和波多黎各女性的饮食、体育活动和身体形象干预中。因此，本R21基金申请的研究结果是理解拉丁美洲文化变量的独立和互动影响及其与肥胖相关因素的关系的必要和关键组成部分。公共卫生相关性：这项研究很重要，因为它将使探索四个文化变量（文化适应、文化适应压力、种族认同和文化价值观）及其与超重墨西哥和波多黎各妇女的饮食、身体活动和身体形象的关系成为可能。该项目的试点数据将用于为超重的墨西哥和波多黎各妇女制定和实施基于文化的饮食、体育活动和身体形象干预，其中将纳入文化适应水平的作用以及与文化适应过程、种族认同和拉丁美洲文化价值观相关的压力。