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Actively manipulating electronic excitations in nanocrystals

主动操纵纳米晶体中的电子激发

基本信息

批准号：
EP/F013876/1
负责人：
Pavlos Lagoudakis
金额：
$ 46.02万
依托单位：
University of Southampton
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FF013876%2F1
关键词：
Actively manipulating electronic excitations nanocrystals

项目摘要

Colloidal nanocrystals made of semiconductor materials resemble fluorescent beads that are only a few nanometres in diameter. Their optical emission properties can be tuned from ultraviolet to infrared wavelengths by suitably choosing the material and adjusting their size and shape. To date, nanocrystals have been exploited in areas ranging from genomic and proteomic bio-assays, cell-staining and high-throughput screening, where they serve as fluorescence markers and more applications have been envisaged in LEDs, lasers, optical switches, photovoltaics, data storage devices, catalysis, drug delivery and other biomedical assays. Compared to self-assembled quantum dots made by molecular beam epitaxy, colloidal nanocrystals can be produced by comparatively simple and inexpensive solution methods, and are freely suspended in a solvent or matrix, while retaining a high optical and electronic stability. The precisely controlled size and shape of nanocrystals, such as in quantum dots, rods or even tetrapods, renders them promising building blocks for nanoscience and nanotechnology. Furthermore, shape control in the synthesis of colloidal nanocrystals offers unprecedented abilities to tune the interaction of solid state quantum structures with the environment, opening up the possibility of performing nanoscale manipulations of the optical and electronic properties. This 'First Grant' proposal aims for key experimental studies on the fundamental properties of colloidal nanocrystals. The overall plan is to develop novel applications based on the active manipulation of the optoelectronic properties of nanocrystals and on self-assembly methods for their alignment in large array device configurations. The ultimate applications range from electric-field nanosensors, single photon tunable sources to optical memory elements and all optical parallel processing.

由半导体材料制成的胶体纳米晶体类似于直径只有几纳米的荧光珠。通过适当选择材料并调整其尺寸和形状，可以将其光发射特性从紫外线波长调节到红外线波长。迄今为止，纳米晶体已被应用于基因组和蛋白质组生物测定、细胞染色和高通量筛选等领域，它们用作荧光标记，并且在 LED、激光器、光开关、光伏、数据存储设备、催化、药物输送和其他生物医学测定中预计会有更多应用。与分子束外延制备的自组装量子点相比，胶体纳米晶体可以通过相对简单且廉价的溶液方法制备，并且自由悬浮在溶剂或基质中，同时保持较高的光学和电子稳定性。精确控制的纳米晶体（例如量子点、棒甚至四足体）的尺寸和形状使它们成为纳米科学和纳米技术有前景的构建模块。此外，胶体纳米晶体合成中的形状控制提供了前所未有的能力来调节固态量子结构与环境的相互作用，从而开启了对光学和电子特性进行纳米级操纵的可能性。这项“首次拨款”提案旨在对胶体纳米晶体的基本特性进行关键实验研究。总体计划是开发基于纳米晶体光电特性的主动操纵和在大型阵列器件配置中对齐的自组装方法的新颖应用。最终应用范围从电场纳米传感器、单光子可调源到光学存储元件和所有光学并行处理。