Sex Differences in Drug Effects: The Adolescent Trajectory

药物作用的性别差异：青少年轨迹

• 批准号: 7333538
• 负责人: Emmalee S. Bandstra
• 金额: $ 25.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7333538
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohols; Autoradiography; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Assay; Brain; Cannabinoids; Clinical; Cocaine; Condition; Daily; Data; Development; Dopamine; Dopamine D2 Receptor; Drug Addiction; Drug usage; Environment; Epidemiologic Studies; Exposure to; Female; Goals; Harvest; Housing; In Situ Hybridization; Incidence; Laboratory Study; Lead; Life; Male Adolescents; Marijuana; Measures; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Nicotinic Receptors; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Rattus; Regulation; Reporting; Research Personnel; Self Administration; Sex Characteristics; Staging; Stress; Substance abuse problem; Techniques; Testing; Time; cannabinoid receptor; cohort; day; dopamine transporter; drug of abuse; male; neurochemistry; novel; preference; programs; receptor; receptor binding; response; sex; uptake

Epidemiological studies have suggested that exposure to drugs such as nicotine and marijuana during adolescence is correlated with a significantly higher incidence of subsequent use of other drugs such as cocaine. In addition, there are different responses between female and male adolescents in response to drug use.Animal laboratory studies have shown that female and male rats respond differently to drugs and that the neurochemical adaptations that occur also differ. Studies have shown that drug administration during adolescence leads to differential neurochemical and behavioral effects than drug administration during adulthood. In addition, many of the effects of drugs during this critical developmental period have long- lasting effects that persist into adulthood. In general, the studies suggest that there may be an increased vulnerability to the effects of drugs during adolescence and that the effects differ across both sex andage. The main hypothesis of this proposal is that females and males will respond differently to drugs during different stages of development and that it may therefore be necessary to develop sex-and age-specific treatments for drug addiction. The focus of this proposal is to study the effects of nicotine, marijuana(A9- THC) and cocaine in female and male adolescent and adult rats on behavior and neurochemistry during adolescence and later during adulthood. In addition, the effects of environment on the changes produced by these drugs will be examined. An understanding of the differential effects of drugs in females and males during adolescence, and of how these changes use impact drug effects in adults may lead to sex-andage- specific treatments for drug addiction.

流行病学研究表明，在吸烟期间接触尼古丁和大麻等药物， 青春期与随后使用其他药物的发生率显著较高相关， 可卡因此外，男女青少年对下列问题的反应存在差异： 动物实验室研究表明，雌性和雄性大鼠对药物的反应不同， 发生的神经化学适应也不同。研究表明，药物给药期间， 青春期导致不同的神经化学和行为的影响比药物管理期间， 成年此外，在这一关键发育时期，药物的许多作用已经长期存在- 持续到成年期的持久影响。总的来说，研究表明， 报告还指出，在青春期易受毒品影响，而且这种影响在性别和年龄上各不相同。 这项建议的主要假设是，女性和男性将对药物的反应不同， 不同的发展阶段，因此可能有必要制定性别和年龄特异性 戒毒治疗这项建议的重点是研究尼古丁、大麻（A9- THC）和可卡因对雌性和雄性青春期和成年大鼠在 青春期和成年期。此外，还讨论了环境因素对植物生长所产生的变化的影响。 这些药物将被检查。了解药物对女性和男性的不同影响 在青春期，以及这些变化如何影响成年人的药物作用可能导致性别和年龄- 针对药物成瘾的特殊治疗