Sex and Gender Influences on Addiction and Health: A Developmental Perspective

性和性别对成瘾和健康的影响：发展的角度

• 批准号: 7859939
• 负责人: Emmalee S. Bandstra
• 金额: $ 0.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7859939
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Advisory Committees; Affect; Age; Alcohols; Behavior; Biological Markers; Caregivers; Clinical; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials; Cocaine; Decision Making; Development; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Enrollment; Environment; Female; Female Adolescents; Fetal Cocaine Exposure; Functional Imaging; Gender; Health; Interdisciplinary Study; Laboratories; Lead; Male Adolescents; Marijuana; Measures; Mission; Modeling; Nicotine; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Rattus; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Role; Series; Sex Characteristics; Specialized Center; Stress; Translational Research; Woman; addiction; base; cocaine exposure; drug development; drug of abuse; early adolescence; fetal drug exposure; improved; male; neurochemistry; neuropsychological; offspring; postnatal; pre-clinical; preference; prenatal; prenatal exposure; psychosocial; sex; translational study

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal seeks to establish a Specialized Center of Interdisciplinary Research (SCOR) on the overarching theme of sex and gender factors affecting addiction and health. The Center's mission is to address the health concerns of women and their developing offspring affected by drug abuse by providing the optimal environment to encourage and facilitate clinical and translational research. The approach will be to use interdisciplinary translational and clinical studies to assess sex/gender-specific differences in vulnerability to drug-taking and drug effects across development in adolescent and adult females and males with and without prenatal exposure to cocaine and other drugs. Project #1 (PI: Dow-Edwards), "Sex Differences in Drug Effects: The Prenatal Trajectory", is a series of preclinical translational studies using an established rat model of prenatal drug exposure. This project will examine the roles of prenatal cocaine exposure, postnatal environment, and polydrug exposure (cocaine with nicotine, THC, and alcohol) in the development of drug-taking behavior in male and female adolescent rats, emphasizing sex differences in conditioned place preference for cocaine and elucidating the potential biologic basis for sex differences by functional imaging and neurochemical assessments. Project #2 (PI: Izenwasser), "Sex Differences in Drug Effects: The Adolescent Trajectory" is a series of preclinical translational studies, the focus of which is to study the effects of nicotine, marijuana (A9-THC) and cocaine in male and female adolescent and adult rats on behavior and neurochemistry during adolescence and later during adulthood. Project #3 (PI: Bandstra), "Sex and Gender Influences on Adolescent Drug Involvement" is a clinical investigation of sex and gender differences affecting risk for drug abuse in adolescents (and ultimately as adults) with and without prenatal exposure to cocaine and other drugs. Subjects were enrolled in the Miami Prenatal Cocaine Study (n=476); and assessed through early adolescence (retention 85 percent) for neuropsychological and other outcomes. In this proposal, subjects will be assessed at age 16 and 18 years by self-report and biomarkers for drug involvement, caregiver and self-report of psychosocial risk factors, and laboratory measures of stress reactivity, risk-taking, and decision-making. Analyses will include consideration of the influence of prenatal cocaine exposure on later drug involvement in the female and male adolescents. The Administrative Core will host a Scientific Steering Committee and Internal and External Advisory Committees of interdisciplinary investigators with relevant expertise. Enhanced understanding of the differential effects of drugs of abuse in females and males across development (from prenatal to postnatal exposures during adolescence and adulthood) should lead to improved sex-, gender-, and age-specific preventions and treatments for drug addiction and related conditions.

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案旨在建立一个跨学科研究专门中心，研究影响成瘾和健康的性别和性别因素这一总体主题。该中心的使命是通过提供鼓励和促进临床和转化研究的最佳环境，解决受药物滥用影响的妇女及其发育中的后代的健康问题。方法将是利用跨学科转化和临床研究来评估在整个发展过程中，有或没有产前接触可卡因和其他药物的青少年和成年女性和男性在吸毒脆弱性和药物影响方面的性别/性别差异。项目1 (PI: Dow-Edwards)，“药物效应的性别差异：产前轨迹”，是一系列临床前转化研究，使用已建立的大鼠产前药物暴露模型。该项目将研究产前可卡因暴露、产后环境和多种药物暴露（可卡因与尼古丁、四氢大麻酚和酒精）在雄性和雌性青春期大鼠吸毒行为发展中的作用，强调可卡因条件位置偏好的性别差异，并通过功能成像和神经化学评估阐明性别差异的潜在生物学基础。项目#2 (PI: Izenwasser)，“药物效应的性别差异：青春期轨迹”是一系列临床前转化研究，重点研究尼古丁、大麻（A9-THC）和可卡因对雄性和雌性青春期和成年大鼠在青春期和成年后期的行为和神经化学的影响。项目#3 (PI: Bandstra)，“性别和性别对青少年吸毒的影响”是一项临床调查，研究性别和性别差异对青少年（最终成年）吸毒风险的影响，无论是否在产前接触可卡因和其他药物。受试者被纳入迈阿密产前可卡因研究（n=476）；并在青春期早期（保留率85%）评估神经心理学和其他结果。在这项建议中，受试者将在16岁和18岁时通过自我报告和药物介入的生物标志物，照顾者和心理社会风险因素的自我报告，以及压力反应，冒险和决策的实验室测量来评估。分析将包括考虑产前可卡因暴露对男女青少年后来吸毒的影响。行政核心将主持一个科学指导委员会以及由具有相关专门知识的跨学科调查人员组成的内部和外部咨询委员会。加强对药物滥用对女性和男性在整个发展过程（从产前到青春期和成年期的产后暴露）的不同影响的了解，应有助于改善针对特定性别、性别和年龄的药物成瘾及相关疾病的预防和治疗。