Two Diets With Exercise in Abdominal Obesity: Cardiovascular Effects

腹部肥胖的两种饮食加运动：对心血管的影响

• 批准号: 7728008
• 负责人: Kerry J. Stewart
• 金额: $ 78.52万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7728008
• 关键词: Abdomen; Address; Aerobic; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Body Composition; Body Weight decreased; Calories; Carbohydrates; Cardiac; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Central obesity; Clinical; Consensus; Data; Deposition; Diet; Dietary Fats; Event; Exercise; Fasting; Fat-Restricted Diet; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Functional disorder; Future; Guidelines; Health; Heart Diseases; Heart failure; High Prevalence; Inflammation; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Left; Link; Lipids; Long-Term Effects; Measures; Myocardial Infarction; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Oxidative Stress; Participant; Persons; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reducing diet; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Structure; Testing; Training; Treatment Protocols; Ventricular; Visceral; Weight; adipokines; arterial stiffness; cardiovascular disorder risk; diet and exercise; fitness; improved; intervention effect; obesity treatment

Persons with abdominal obesity have a high prevalence of endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and left ventricular diastolic function, each an early marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Though diet and exercise are primary treatments for obesity, less is known about the effects of different weight loss regimens on CV health. Randomized trials show that a lowcarbohydrate diet, and thereby a higher fat diet is efficacious for weight loss and concerns about adverse CV effects resulting from such a diet were not substantiated as subjects improved CVD risk factors. These trials provide a strong rationale for a low-carbohydrate diet despite a general lack of endorsement for such a diet in consensus guidelines. Because most weight loss guidelines recommend that a weight loss diet should be combined with exercise, this 6-month study addresses the effects of two different diets combined with exercise on CV health. Participants will be randomized to a low-carbohydrate diet or a low-calorie, low-fat diet, each combined with supervised exercise training. Even if the low-carbohydrate approaches reduces weight, does a greater percentage of dietary fat calories boost or hinder improvements in CV structure and function? What are the effects of each intervention on risk body composition, insulin levels, inflammation, oxidative stress, blood pressure, lipids, and other a risk factors for CVD? All of the benefits of exercise should magnify the benefits of weight loss on CV parameters but this combination with different diets has not been studied. The overall aim is to test the hypothesis that each intervention will improve endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and left ventricular diastolic function. We also hypothesize that improvement in CV parameters will be associated with favorable changes in body composition, inflammation, insulin levels, lipids, blood pressure, and fitness. The findings will have important clinical implications for the role of different diets combined with exercise for improving CV structure and function and reducing CVD risk

腹型肥胖者的内皮功能障碍、动脉粥样硬化性心脏病和高脂血症的患病率较高。 僵硬和左心室舒张功能，每一个都是心血管疾病的早期标志 （CVD）。虽然饮食和运动是肥胖的主要治疗方法，但对肥胖的治疗方法知之甚少。 不同减肥方案对CV健康的影响。随机试验表明，低碳水化合物 饮食，从而更高的脂肪饮食是有效的减肥和关注 关于这种饮食导致的CV不良反应的研究未得到证实， 改善CVD风险因素。这些试验为低碳水化合物饮食提供了强有力的理论依据 尽管在协商一致的指导方针中普遍缺乏对这种饮食的认可。因为大多数 减肥指南建议减肥饮食应该与运动相结合， 这项为期6个月的研究探讨了两种不同的饮食结合运动对CV的影响， 健康参与者将被随机分配到低碳水化合物饮食或低热量，低脂肪饮食 饮食，每一个结合监督运动训练。即使低碳水化合物 方法减轻体重，更大比例的饮食脂肪卡路里是促进还是阻碍 CV结构和功能的改进？每种干预措施对风险的影响是什么 身体成分、胰岛素水平、炎症、氧化应激、血压、脂质和 CVD的其他危险因素？运动的所有好处都应该放大 体重减轻对CV参数的影响，但尚未研究与不同饮食的这种组合。 总体目的是检验每种干预措施都能改善内皮细胞功能的假设。 功能障碍、动脉僵硬和左心室舒张功能。我们还假设， CV参数的改善将与身体组成的有利变化相关， 炎症、胰岛素水平、血脂、血压和健康。调查结果将有 不同的饮食结合运动的作用的重要临床意义 改善CV结构和功能，降低CVD风险