Temporal dynamics of emotional processing in anxiety

焦虑情绪处理的时间动态

• 批准号: 7752664
• 负责人: Desmond Oathes
• 金额: $ 1.98万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2009-11-13
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7752664
• 关键词: Affect; Affective; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Area; Arousal; Attention; Aversive Stimulus; Behavioral; Blinking; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Chronic; Clinical; Cognitive; Comorbidity; Cues; Data; Diagnostic; Disease; Distress; Dorsal; Emotional; Emotions; Event; Exhibits; Exposure to; Feeling; Feeling hopeless; Fright; Future; Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Goals; High Prevalence; Human; Individual; Insula of Reil; Intervention; Life; Magnetic Resonance; Major Depressive Disorder; Measurement; Measures; Memory; Mental disorders; Modeling; Monitor; Mood Disorders; Moods; Mydriasis; Nature; Neurobiology; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Pattern; Persons; Physiological; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Probability; Process; Psyche structure; Psychopathology; Pupil; Recovery; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Residual state; Risk Factors; Sampling; Staging; Stimulus; Stream; Structure; Symptoms; Syndrome; Testing; Thinking; Uncertainty; Work; base; clinically significant; depressed; depression; depressive symptoms; disorder control; emotional distress; emotional stimulus; experience; indexing; innovation; meetings; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; prevent; public health relevance; pupillography; relating to nervous system; response; stimulus interval; stimulus processing; theories; trait; treatment strategy; vigilance; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite its high prevalence, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has been relatively under studied compared with other anxiety disorders. Patients with GAD worry excessively about an uncertain future that they believe will be aversive. Despite evidence that worry concerns the future, most experimental paradigms studying GAD focus only on direct responses to evocative material. With the advent of increasingly sophisticated assessments of neural responsivity, it is now essential to probe the anticipatory nature of GAD alongside responses to affective stimuli. Another important factor in this form of psychopathology is the chronic nature of anxiety and difficulty controlling negative thoughts once they are initiated. Difficulty controlling worry is one of the diagnostic criteria for GAD well supported by self-report data in these patients. To provide evidence for the neurobiological substrate of chronic, difficult to control aversive experiences in GAD, the measurement of physiological responses in the aftermath of aversive stimulus presentations (recovery) is warranted. The work planned will focus on the neural signature of processing negative emotional information in GAD using functional magnetic resonance brain imaging (fMRI). The paradigm will take an innovative approach in examining emotional reactivity including anticipation of, response to, and recovery from aversive visual stimuli in a single study. Comparisons will be made between GAD and control subjects with no current or past psychiatric disorder. Contrasts will also be made between GAD patients and major depressive disorder (MDD) patients as well as patients with both conditions. GAD patients are expected to show greater amygdala activity as well as activity in the insula and several key areas implicated in the anticipation of aversion during anticipation of emotional stimuli than non-anxious controls. In response to aversive stimuli, GAD patients are expected to show less reactivity in these regions than non-anxious controls. For recovery, GAD patients are expected to be similar to MDD patients in showing sustained neural responding in the targeted brain regions following aversive stimuli. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: By better understanding the processes of anticipation, response, and recovery in anxious and depressive populations, new strategies for treatment may benefit individuals and reduce the societal burden of their symptoms. These data will allow clinicians to know which stage of emotional processing for a particular group of patients might most benefit from interventions targeting that stage. These data may also suggest sensitive precursors of affective disorders in individuals with genetic susceptibility to anxious and depressive traits with the goal to ultimately prevent the clinical syndrome from developing in these individuals.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管广泛性焦虑症（GAD）的患病率很高，但与其他焦虑症相比，其研究相对不足。广泛性焦虑症患者过分担心他们认为令人厌恶的不确定的未来。尽管有证据表明，担忧关系到未来，但大多数研究GAD的实验范式只关注对唤起材料的直接反应。随着越来越复杂的神经反应性评估的出现，它现在是必不可少的，以探讨预期性质的广泛性焦虑症旁边的情感刺激的反应。这种形式的精神病理学的另一个重要因素是焦虑的慢性性质和一旦开始就难以控制消极思想。焦虑控制困难是广泛性焦虑障碍的诊断标准之一，这一点得到了这些患者自我报告数据的充分支持。为了提供证据的慢性，难以控制的厌恶性经验的GAD的神经生物学基板，测量的生理反应后的厌恶性刺激介绍（恢复）是必要的。计划的工作将集中在GAD中使用功能性磁共振脑成像（fMRI）处理负面情绪信息的神经信号。该范式将采取一种创新的方法来研究情绪反应，包括在一项研究中对厌恶性视觉刺激的预期、反应和恢复。将在GAD和无当前或既往精神疾病的对照受试者之间进行比较。还将在广泛性焦虑症患者和重性抑郁症（MDD）患者以及两种情况的患者之间进行对比。与非焦虑对照组相比，GAD患者预期在预期情绪刺激期间表现出更大的杏仁核活动以及与预期厌恶有关的杏仁核和几个关键区域的活动。在对厌恶性刺激的反应中，GAD患者在这些区域的反应性预计比非焦虑对照组要低。对于恢复，预期GAD患者与MDD患者相似，在厌恶刺激后在目标脑区域中显示持续的神经反应。公共卫生相关性：通过更好地了解焦虑和抑郁人群的预期，反应和恢复过程，新的治疗策略可能会使个人受益，并减少其症状的社会负担。这些数据将使临床医生知道特定患者的情绪处理阶段可能最受益于针对该阶段的干预措施。这些数据还可能表明，在对焦虑和抑郁特征具有遗传易感性的个体中，情感障碍的敏感前体，其目标是最终防止这些个体中出现临床综合征。