Alcohol and HIV: Biobehavioral Interactions and Intervention

酒精和艾滋病毒：生物行为相互作用和干预

• 批准号: 7834203
• 负责人: PETER M. MONTI
• 金额: $ 148.43万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-30 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7834203
• 关键词: Alcohol; HIV; Biobehavioral; Interactions; Intervention

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol use contributes to morbidity and mortality associated with HIV in numerous ways including (a) reducing antiretroviral medication adherence and efficacy, (b) contributing to worse virologic outcomes and immune functioning, (c) exacerbating liver dysfunction and hepatitis co-infection, and (d) exacerbating neurocognitive deficits associated with HIV. In addition, alcohol use among both HIV-infected and uninfected individuals is implicated in high-risk sexual behavior that leads to HIV transmission. Given multiple pathways through which alcohol impacts HIV morbidity, mortality and transmission, we propose an integrated, multifaceted, interdisciplinary approach to forward science on alcohol/HIV interactions and inform clinical approaches to caring for people living with HIV and efforts to prevent HIV transmission, both nationally and internationally. The overall aim of this Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center (CARC) is to conduct and disseminate multidisciplinary state-of-the-art research on biobehavioral interactions between alcohol and HIV and on interventions to reduce alcohol use among HIV-infected patients and individuals at high risk for HIV transmission. The CARC has 9 integrated parts: an Administrative Core , four Research Components, two Scientific Cores (Virology and Biostatistics), a Pilot Projects Component, and an Education/Dissemination Component that serves as a national resource for training and dissemination. Research activities address overlapping hypotheses regarding key variables (alcohol use, virology, hepatic function, neurocognitive function, use of antiretroviral therapy, and high-risk sexual behavior) and interrelationships among these variables using diverse methodologies (both animal and human research) and populations. These activities provide an integrated body of innovative alcohol/HIV research that can yield far greater total public health impact than any or all of them could if conducted independently. Further, this CARC will serve as the nexus for integration of alcohol/HIV science across proposed components, innovative pilot projects, complementary studies, and with other NIAAA Centers, yielding new insights into interactions between alcohol and HIV and into interventions to reduce drinking among those with HIV and others at risk for transmission. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: By increasing understanding of how excessive alcohol consumption and interventions to reduce excessive drinking can impact HIV-related outcomes, this Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center on HIV/AIDS can contribute greatly to efforts to improve the health of those living with HIV and to reduce the spread of HIV.

描述（申请人提供）：饮酒以多种方式有助于与HIV相关的发病率和死亡率，包括（a）降低抗逆转录病毒药物的依从性和功效，（b）有助于病毒学结局和免疫功能较差，（c）与肝功能障碍和肝炎共同授权的延伸和（decatient）相关的（（c））与（hepatientivation）的相关性相关。此外，受HIV感染和未感染的个体中的酒精使用涉及导致HIV传播的高风险性行为。鉴于酒精会影响艾滋病毒发病率，死亡率和传播的多种途径，我们提出了一种综合，多方面的，跨学科的方法，用于在酒精/艾滋病毒相互作用方面进行科学，并为照顾艾滋病毒的患者提供照顾和预防艾滋病毒传播努力的临床方法。这个综合性酒精研究中心（CARC）的总体目的是进行和传播有关酒精与艾滋病毒之间生物行为相互作用以及干预措施的多学科的最先进的研究，以减少艾滋病毒感染的患者和艾滋病毒传播风险高的患者的酒精使用。 CARC有9个集成部分：一个行政核心，四个研究组件，两个科学核心（病毒学和生物统计学），一个试点项目组成部分以及一个教育/传播组成部分，可作为培训和传播的国家资源。研究活动介绍了有关关键变量（酒精使用，病毒学，肝功能，神经认知功能，使用抗逆转录病毒疗法以及高风险性行为）的重叠假设，以及使用多种方法（动物和人类研究）和人群的这些变量之间的相互关系。这些活动提供了创新的酒精/艾滋病毒研究的综合体系，这些研究可能会产生比独立进行的任何或全部能力更大的公共卫生影响。此外，该CARC将作为跨拟议组件，创新的试点项目，互补研究以及与其他NIAAA中心之间酒精/艾滋病毒科学整合的联系，从而为酒精和艾滋病毒和艾滋病毒之间的相互作用以及减少艾滋病毒饮酒的干预措施提供了新的见解，以减少患有艾滋病毒的饮酒以及其他有可能传播传播风险的人。 公共卫生相关性：通过对过度饮酒和减少过度饮酒的过度消耗和干预措施的了解可能会影响与艾滋病毒相关的结果，这一全面的艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究中心可以为改善艾滋病毒患者的健康和减少艾滋病毒传播而做出很大的贡献。