Center for Addiction and Disease Risk Exacerbation

项目摘要/摘要 物质使用(SU)对慢性病的风险、管理、进展和结果产生负面影响 造成社会经济和种族/族裔差异。以下人群的医疗状况患病率 患有物质滥用障碍(SUDS)的患者与没有物质滥用障碍(SUDS)的患者相比，支持这一观点。此外，风险是 在有慢性疾病风险或已经患有慢性疾病的人中加剧，例如与 爱滋病毒。尽管SU和疾病之间的联系是有充分证据的，但潜在的生理机制 人们对两者之间的联系知之甚少，这在很大程度上是因为这些文献是基于使用横截面的研究 不允许因果解释的设计。需要使用实验设计的研究来 了解将SU与疾病联系起来的机制，并为制定有针对性的预防和 降低风险的干预努力。我们建议建立一个科布雷成瘾和疾病风险中心 恶化(干部)，将研究SU影响疾病的机制，使用 基于实验室的行为和生理方法，涉及几种滥用物质。干部 由四个主题和技术相关的研究项目(RP)组成，由一个跨学科小组领导 初级教员。莫尼格将研究艾滋病毒和酒精对微生物易位标志物单体的影响 炎症的激活、细胞因子反应、色氨酸降解和核磁共振测量。哈斯-科夫勒会 研究催产素作为一种潜在的药物疗法在阿片类药物复发的靶向应激中的初步疗效。 CIOE将研究电子烟对可燃香烟吸烟的影响，可燃香烟是吸烟相关心脏的生物标志物 和肺部健康，以及携带艾滋病毒的吸烟者的致癌物暴露。阿斯顿研究大麻对人体健康的影响 RA疼痛、情感和炎症，并调查大麻对疼痛和情感的影响是否是中介的 通过大麻对炎性生物标志物的影响。行政核心将提供组织结构， 最先进的指导，一个试点计划，支持多样性和健康差距工作，并领导评估。一个 临床实验室核心将促进RPS和试点项目的目标，并使更广泛的布朗受益 社区通过提供基础设施和资源来服务于开发和维持多 纪律中心。它将通过在以下方面建立联系来最大限度地提高效率和成本效益 Cadre RPS和其他Cobres，并将创建与以下方面相关的中心范围的风险因素数据库 肥胖症和慢性病的发展和进展，可供干部项目负责人(PLS)和 其他从事相关研究的人员。领航员和领航员将从跨学科的教师导师那里受益 将在研究、出版和拨款准备方面提供指导。拟议的Cobre的基本原则 干部是创新的跨学科翻译研究，跨多个层次的分析， 而关注相关问题，利用共同的资源和学习经验，不仅可以贡献 新知识，也是下一代科学家走向独立的纽带和道路。

Project Summary/Abstract Substance use (SU) negatively affects the risk, management, progression, and outcomes of chronic disease and contributes to socio-economic and racial/ethnic disparities. Prevalence rates of medical conditions among patients with versus those without substance abuse disorders (SUDs) support this thesis. Furthermore, risks are exacerbated among those at risk for or who already have chronic medical conditions, such as people living with HIV. Though linkages between SU and disease are well documented, physiological mechanisms underlying linkages are poorly understood, largely because the literature is based on studies that use cross-sectional designs that do not allow for causal interpretations. Studies using experimental designs are needed to understand mechanisms that link SU and disease and to inform the development of targeted prevention and intervention efforts to reduce risks. We propose to establish a COBRE Center for Addiction and Disease Risk Exacerbation (CADRE) that will investigate mechanisms whereby SU impacts disease, using a combination of behavioral and physiological laboratory-based approaches across several substances of abuse. CADRE consists of four thematically and technically-linked research projects (RPs) led by an interdisciplinary group of junior faculty. Monnig will examine effects of HIV and alcohol on markers of microbial translocation, monosite activation, cytokine response, tryptophan degradation and MRI measures of inflammation. Haass-Koffler will examine the initial efficacy of oxytocin as a potential pharmacotherapy for OUD targeting stress in opioid relapse. Cioe will study effects of e-cigarettes on combustible cigarette smoking, biomarkers of smoking-related cardiac and pulmonary health, and carcinogen exposure in smokers with HIV. Aston examines effects of cannabis on RA pain, affect, and inflammation, and investigates whether effects of cannabis on pain and affect are mediated via effects of cannabis on inflammatory biomarkers. An Administrative Core will provide organizational structure, state-of-the-art mentoring, a pilot program, support diversity and health disparities work, and lead evaluation. A Clinical Laboratory Core will facilitate goals of the RPs and pilot projects, and benefit the broader Brown community by providing infrastructure and resources in the service of developing and sustaining a multi- disciplinary center. It will maximize efficiency and cost-effectiveness of this COBRE by creating linkages between CADRE RPs and other COBREs, and will create a center-wide data base of risk factors associated with development and progression of SUDs and chronic disease, available to CADRE Project Leaders (PLs) and others engaged in relevant research. PLs and pilot PLs will benefit from interdisciplinary faculty mentors who will provide guidance on research, publication, and grant preparation. The basic tenet of the proposed COBRE CADRE is that innovative interdisciplinary translational research, conducted across multiple levels of analysis, and focused on related questions using common resources and learning experiences, can not only contribute new knowledge, but also serves as the nexus and path toward independence for the next generation of scientists.