Center for Addiction and Disease Risk Exacerbation

成瘾和疾病风险加剧中心

• 批准号: 10624495
• 负责人: PETER M. MONTI
• 金额: $ 32.9万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10624495
• 关键词: Affect; Alcohols; Applications Grants; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Brain; Businesses; Cannabis; Carcinogen exposure; Cardiac health; Centers of Research Excellence; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Clinical; Communities; Databases; Development; Discipline of Nursing; Disease; Doctor of Pharmacy; Doctor of Philosophy; Electronic cigarette; Ensure; Environment; Evaluation; Experimental Designs; Extramural Activities; Faculty; Funding; Future; Goals; Grant; HIV; HIV Infections; Health; Human Resources; Immune System Diseases; Individual; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Infrastructure; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Leadership; Learning; Link; Literature; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Manuscripts; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Mentors; Mission; Neurosciences; Opioid; Outcome; Oxytocin; Pain; Patients; Peer Review; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Phase; Physiological; Pilot Projects; Postdoctoral Fellow; Preparation; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention approach; Psychology; Publications; Relapse; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Resources; Rheumatoid Arthritis; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Management; Role; Scientist; Services; Smoker; Smoking; Stress; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Substance of Abuse; Tobacco; Training; Translational Research; Tryptophan; Universities; Work; addiction; arthritic pain; base; biobehavior; cigarette smoking; combustible cigarette; commune; cost effectiveness; cytokine; design; disorder risk; experience; faculty mentor; health disparity; innovation; insight; interest; lung health; microbial; monocyte; multidisciplinary; negative affect; next generation; novel strategies; opioid use disorder; organizational structure; patient population; programs; racial and ethnic disparities; recruit; response; socioeconomics; substance use

Project Summary/Abstract Substance use (SU) negatively affects the risk, management, progression, and outcomes of chronic disease and contributes to socio-economic and racial/ethnic disparities. Prevalence rates of medical conditions among patients with versus those without substance abuse disorders (SUDs) support this thesis. Furthermore, risks are exacerbated among those at risk for or who already have chronic medical conditions, such as people living with HIV. Though linkages between SU and disease are well documented, physiological mechanisms underlying linkages are poorly understood, largely because the literature is based on studies that use cross-sectional designs that do not allow for causal interpretations. Studies using experimental designs are needed to understand mechanisms that link SU and disease and to inform the development of targeted prevention and intervention efforts to reduce risks. We propose to establish a COBRE Center for Addiction and Disease Risk Exacerbation (CADRE) that will investigate mechanisms whereby SU impacts disease, using a combination of behavioral and physiological laboratory-based approaches across several substances of abuse. CADRE consists of four thematically and technically-linked research projects (RPs) led by an interdisciplinary group of junior faculty. Monnig will examine effects of HIV and alcohol on markers of microbial translocation, monosite activation, cytokine response, tryptophan degradation and MRI measures of inflammation. Haass-Koffler will examine the initial efficacy of oxytocin as a potential pharmacotherapy for OUD targeting stress in opioid relapse. Cioe will study effects of e-cigarettes on combustible cigarette smoking, biomarkers of smoking-related cardiac and pulmonary health, and carcinogen exposure in smokers with HIV. Aston examines effects of cannabis on RA pain, affect, and inflammation, and investigates whether effects of cannabis on pain and affect are mediated via effects of cannabis on inflammatory biomarkers. An Administrative Core will provide organizational structure, state-of-the-art mentoring, a pilot program, support diversity and health disparities work, and lead evaluation. A Clinical Laboratory Core will facilitate goals of the RPs and pilot projects, and benefit the broader Brown community by providing infrastructure and resources in the service of developing and sustaining a multi- disciplinary center. It will maximize efficiency and cost-effectiveness of this COBRE by creating linkages between CADRE RPs and other COBREs, and will create a center-wide data base of risk factors associated with development and progression of SUDs and chronic disease, available to CADRE Project Leaders (PLs) and others engaged in relevant research. PLs and pilot PLs will benefit from interdisciplinary faculty mentors who will provide guidance on research, publication, and grant preparation. The basic tenet of the proposed COBRE CADRE is that innovative interdisciplinary translational research, conducted across multiple levels of analysis, and focused on related questions using common resources and learning experiences, can not only contribute new knowledge, but also serves as the nexus and path toward independence for the next generation of scientists.

项目概要/摘要 物质使用 (SU) 对慢性疾病和疾病的风险、管理、进展和结果产生负面影响 造成社会经济和种族/民族差异。人群的健康状况患病率 患有药物滥用障碍（SUD）的患者与没有药物滥用障碍的患者支持这一论点。此外，风险还包括 在那些有慢性疾病风险或已经患有慢性疾病的人中，例如患有慢性疾病的人，这种情况会加剧 艾滋病病毒。尽管 SU 与疾病之间的联系已得到充分记录，但其背后的生理机制 人们对这种联系知之甚少，主要是因为这些文献是基于使用横截面的研究 不允许因果解释的设计。需要使用实验设计进行研究 了解 SU 与疾病之间的联系机制，并为制定有针对性的预防和治疗提供信息 降低风险的干预措施。我们提议建立 COBRE 成瘾和疾病风险中心 恶化 (CADRE) 将研究 SU 影响疾病的机制，结合使用 针对几种滥用物质的基于行为和生理实验室的方法。干部 由四个主题和技术相关的研究项目（RP）组成，由跨学科小组领导 初级教师。 Monnig 将研究 HIV 和酒精对微生物易位、单位点标记物的影响 激活、细胞因子反应、色氨酸降解和炎症的 MRI 测量。哈斯-科夫勒将 检查催产素作为 OUD 靶向阿片类药物复发应激的潜在药物疗法的初步疗效。 Cioe 将研究电子烟对可燃香烟吸烟、吸烟相关心脏生物标志物的影响 感染艾滋病毒的吸烟者的肺部健康和致癌物暴露。阿斯顿研究大麻对 RA 疼痛、情感和炎症，并研究大麻对疼痛和情感的影响是否是介导的 通过大麻对炎症生物标志物的影响。行政核心将提供组织结构， 最先进的指导、试点计划、支持多样性和健康差异工作以及主导评估。一个 临床实验室核心将促进 RP 和试点项目的目标，并使更广泛的布朗受益 通过提供基础设施和资源来服务于发展和维持多元社区 纪律中心。它将通过在之间建立联系来最大限度地提高 COBRE 的效率和成本效益 CADRE RP 和其他 COBRE，并将创建一个全中心范围的风险因素数据库 SUD 和慢性病的发展和进展，可供 CADRE 项目负责人 (PL) 和 其他从事相关研究的人员。 PL 和试点 PL 将受益于跨学科教师导师，他们 将提供研究、出版和拨款准备方面的指导。拟议 COBRE 的基本原则 CADRE 是一种创新的跨学科转化研究，跨多个层次的分析进行， 并利用共同资源和学习经验专注于相关问题，不仅可以做出贡献 新知识，同时也是下一代科学家走向独立的纽带和道路。