Engineering Enhanced Plants for Arsenic Remediation

砷修复工程强化工厂

• 批准号: 7923606
• 负责人: Om Parkash Dhankher
• 金额: $ 4.19万
• 依托单位: EDENSPACE SYSTEMS CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2011-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7923606
• 关键词: Address; Arabidopsis; Arsenic; Binding; Biomass; Biomedical Engineering; Brassica napus; Country; Development; Edible Plants; Effectiveness; Engineering; Environment; Environmental Pollution; Exposure to; Ferns; Food; Gene Expression; Genes; Goals; Harvest; Hazardous Waste; Health; Human; Human Activities; Industry; Lead; Massachusetts; Methods; Mouse-ear Cress; Organ; Phase; Phenotype; Plant Model; Plant Roots; Plants; Poison; RNA Interference; Research; Risk; Seeds; Site; Small Business Technology Transfer Research; Soil; Techniques; Technology; Temperature; Tissues; Toxin; Transgenes; Transgenic Organisms; Transgenic Plants; Transplantation; United States; Universities; Water; Work; base; landfill; microbial; novel; public health relevance; remediation; tool; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Arsenic is one of the most serious environmental contaminants in the United States. The traditional method for arsenic remediation involves excavating the contaminated soil and disposing it in hazardous waste landfills. This method is highly labor intensive and costly, especially for large sites. An alternative remediation technique is phytoremediation, the use of plants to remove toxins from contaminated soils or water and concentrate the toxins in the biomass compared to the environment. Edenspace is an industry leader in the use of plants to remediate arsenic from contaminated soil or water and has worked on numerous sites across the country. Arsenic phytoremediation currently uses an arsenic-accumulating fern plant. While this perennial tropical plant is effective is accumulating and removing arsenic from the soil, its use is limited by the need to transplant young plants rather than growing plants from seed, and by its low tolerance for sustained temperatures below -5¿C. Development of alternative crops that are more widely adapted with similar abilities to accumulate arsenic will provide enhanced capabilities to address the problem of environmental arsenic. For this STTR project Edenspace and its research partner, the University of Massachusetts (UMass) propose to develop enhanced plants for arsenic phytoremediation. A number of plant and microbial genes have been isolated and characterized that confer fourfold increases in arsenic tolerance and uptake in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Because this plant has low commercial potential for remediation due to its small size, the team will bioengineer a highbiomass, non-food variety of a row crop, Brassica napus, with the transgenes. In Phase I, Edenspace will confirm that the transgenic B. napus shows the same arsenic tolerance and uptake phenotype observed in transgenic Arabidopsis, which will lead in Phase II to a small scale field demonstration. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Arsenic is a highly toxic substance found either naturally in the environment or concentrated by human activity at contaminated sites, and provides significant health concerns to humans and wildlife. This project intends to develop an effective and economical technology capable of removing arsenic from the environment using plants and lowering the public's risk of exposure to arsenic.

描述（由适用提供）：砷是美国最严重的环境污染物之一。砷修复的传统方法涉及挖掘受污染的土壤并将其处置为有害的废垃圾填埋场。这种方法是高度劳动密集型和昂贵的，尤其是对于大型站点。另一种补救技术是植物修复，使用植物从被污染的土壤或水中去除毒素，并将生物质中的毒素浓缩。 Edenspace是使用植物从污染的土壤或水中补救砷的行业领导者，并在全国各地的许多地点工作。目前，砷植物修复使用砷含有砷的蕨类植物。虽然这种多年生热带植物有效地累积并从土壤中去除砷，但其使用受到移植年轻植物而不是从种子中种植植物的需求，以及其对持续温度低于-5的持续温度的耐受性较低。对于这个STTR项目Edenspace及其研究合作伙伴，马萨诸塞大学（UMass）的提议为砷植物修复开发增强的植物。已经分离出许多植物和微生物基因，并表征了会议在模型植物拟南芥中的砷耐受性和摄取的四倍增加。由于该植物由于其尺寸较小而具有较低的商业补救潜力，因此该团队将生物工程师使用翻译的高生菌，非食品种类种类的种类，Brassica Napus。在第一阶段，Edenspace将确认转基因芽孢杆菌显示出在转基因拟南芥中观察到的相同的砷耐受性和摄取表型，这将导致II期导致小规模的场示范。公共卫生相关性：砷是一种自然在环境中发现的剧毒物质，或者是在受污染的地点的人类活动中集中的，并为人类和野生动植物提供了重大的健康问题。该项目旨在开发一种有效的经济技术，能够使用植物从环境中清除砷，并降低公众暴露于砷的风险。