A novel strategy for arsenic phytoremediation

砷植物修复的新策略

• 批准号: 10540386
• 负责人: Om Parkash Dhankher
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-03-09 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10540386
• 关键词: Address; Amendment; Arsenic; Binding; Biological; Biological Availability; Biomass; Characteristics; Crambe abyssinica; Culture Media; Dedications; Development; Drug Metabolic Detoxication; Engineering; Friends; Future; Gene Expression; Gene Transfer; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Engineering; Goals; High Pressure Liquid Chromatography; Human; Hydroponics; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Medial; Metals; Methods; Oils; Organ; Outcome; Performance; Physiological Processes; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Plants; Process; Public Health; RNA Interference; Roentgen Rays; Site; Soil; Spectrum Analysis; Structure; Sulfur; Testing; Tissues; United States Department of Agriculture; Vacuole; absorption; arsenate reductase; cost effective; effectiveness evaluation; field study; food chain contamination; global health; knock-down; nanoparticle; novel strategies; overexpression; oxidation; remediation; screening; surface coating; tissue culture; toxic metal; uptake

Project Summary: Arsenic contamination in the food chain is a global health problem and causes damage to most human organs. A significant need exists to develop approaches for addressing environmental arsenic. The long term goal is to develop a plant-based phytoremediation approach for contaminated land that is cost-effective and ecologically friendly as an alternative to conventional remediation methods. The objective of this study is to develop a genetics-based phytoremediation strategy for arsenic uptake, translocation, detoxification, and hyperaccumulation into the fast-growing, high biomass, non-food crop Crambe abyssinica. Nanosulfur will be utilized to modulate the bioavailability and phytoextraction of As from soil and to increase the storage capacity via enhanced sulfur assimilation. The engineered Crambe will be evaluated for removing arsenic from the soil in laboratory, greenhouse, and field conditions. Our central hypothesis is that organ-specific expression of genes, which control the transport, oxidation state, and binding of As, can be tuned to yield efficient extraction and hyperaccumulation into above-ground plant tissues. To test our hypothesis, we propose the following specific aims. 1) Genetically engineer Crambe abyssinica lines for co-expressing bacterial ArsC, gECS, and AtABCC1 and RNAi suppression of endogenous arsenate reductase CaACR2; 2) Evaluate the engineered Crambe lines for metal(loids) tolerance and accumulation; 3) Synthesize and apply nanosulfur to modulate the bioavailability, phytoextraction, and accumulation of toxic metal(loids); and 4) Conduct a pilot field study of engineered Crambe lines for phytoextraction on a contaminated site. After initial screening in tissue culture media supplemented with metals, the best performing quadruple gene stacked (ArcS+gECS+AtABCC1+CaACR2Ri) Crambe lines with wild type controls will be tested using contaminated soils with arsenic as well as co-contaminants in greenhouse. A pilot field-scale study will then be carried out at a site contaminated with arsenic. The soil will be extensively characterized, and analysis for metal content and arsenic speciation will be determined using ICP/MS, HPLC- ICP/MS as well as XANES (X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy). Last, soil amendments with engineered nanosulfur will be used to evaluate the impacts on soil structure and contaminant availability and phytoextraction. Nanosulfur will also be foliarly applied to plants to increase the metal storage capacity via enhanced sulfur assimilation. The expected outcome of this project is a mechanistic understanding of the biogeochemical and plant processes of arsenic remediation that connects key soil characteristics with the efficiency of phytoextraction and hyperaccumulation of arsenic. The results will have an immediate and important positive impact because the knowledge generated from this study will enable efficient and effective phytoremediation approaches to minimize or remove arsenic contamination in the food chain and enhance public health.

项目总结: