Waterpipe tobacco smoking: trends, toxicants, and capacity building in Jordan

水烟吸食：约旦的趋势、有毒物质和能力建设

• 批准号: 7916776
• 负责人: THOMAS EVAN EISSENBERG
• 金额: $ 5.35万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7916776
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Address; American; Americas; Applications Grants; Asia; Belief; Brazil; Cessation of life; Cigarette; Collaborations; Country; Data; Dependence; Development; Disease; Documentation; Educational workshop; England; Epidemic; Europe; Fostering; Foundations; France; Funding; Future; Health; Human; Individual; International; Intervention; Joints; Jordan; Knowledge; Laboratory Research; Learning; Lebanon; Mentorship; Methods; Morbidity - disease rate; Nicotine Dependence; Outcome; Participant; Prevalence; Public Health; Research; Research Activity; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Science; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking Behavior; Students; Surveys; Syria; Technology; Testing; Time Factors; Tobacco; Tobacco Control Research; Tobacco smoke; Tobacco smoking; Tobacco use; Toxicant exposure; Training; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Work; World Health Organization; base; cigarette smoking; cigarette smoking; disorder risk; experience; hookah; instrument; interest; mortality; parent grant; prevent; programs; public health relevance; response; smoking prevalence; social; toxicant; trend; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Globally, tobacco use accounts for 4.9 million deaths each year. The contribution of cigarette smoking to this toll has been well-documented. However, millions smoke tobacco using other methods, including waterpipes ("hookah" or "shisha"). As the WHO notes, waterpipe tobacco smoking is spreading globally and has been associated with tobacco-caused disease. Global popularity and disease risk highlight the need to learn more about waterpipe smoking, including its regional prevalence and user toxicant exposure profile. They also highlight a worldwide need for tobacco-related research capacity. This capacity is particularly needed in the countries of Southwest Asia, where tobacco use rates can exceed 50% and waterpipe tobacco smoking is common. Some countries, like Syria and Lebanon, have been building tobacco research capacity [e.g., NIH- funded research at the Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies (SCTS) and the American University of Beirut (AUB)]. Others may require more research capacity before they can join regional tobacco research efforts. For example, Jordan has high tobacco use rates and waterpipe tobacco smoking seems common. Studying Jordanian waterpipe use prevalence and user toxicant exposure would provide needed local data while developing regional tobacco-related research capacity. This response to PAR-08-223 describes work to be completed primarily in Irbid, Jordan with Drs. Mohammed Azab and Omar Khabour of the Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), and is an extension of R01CA120142 (02-21-2008 to 01-31-2013). The three specific aims of that parent grant, which involves U.S. waterpipe tobacco smokers, are to: 1) learn about waterpipe smoke toxicant yield and user toxicant exposure and effects when an individual uses a waterpipe to smoke tobacco; 2) learn how to group use influences waterpipe toxicant yields and effects, and 3) learn how the toxicant exposure and acute effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking differ from those of cigarette smoking. The specific aims of this grant application are to: 1) study, over three years, changes in waterpipe tobacco smoking prevalence, knowledge and beliefs among Jordanian university students; 2) examine relationships among waterpipe users' dependence, smoking behavior, and CO exposure; and 3) enhance local and regional tobacco-related research capacity. Formal training opportunities (e.g., SCTS' International Summer Program for Tobacco Control Research; project-focused workshops in Years 1 and 2) will be supported by on-line collaboration and mentorship to develop capacity and foster long-term professional relationships. These relationships strengthen JUST, SCTS, and AUB separately while increasing regional capacity and encouraging future joint research activity. Thus, this project provides an opportunity to learn more about tobacco use in Jordan while strengthening that country's tobacco-related research capacity. In so doing, the project establishes a foundation for regional tobacco-related research while simultaneously addressing the aims of the parent grant regarding user toxicant exposure and extending them to include waterpipe prevalence rates. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project is relevant to public health because waterpipe tobacco smoking is a little-understood but rapidly emerging strain in the global tobacco epidemic. The project will inform nascent efforts to prevent waterpipe tobacco smoking from contributing substantially to tobacco's morbidity and mortality by revealing the use prevalence and user toxicant exposure among Jordanian university students. Perhaps more important, the project builds Jordanian tobacco-related survey and laboratory research capacity while strengthening regional capacity and fostering international collaboration. The positive health impact of this type of research capacity and collaboration on tobacco cigarette smoking is well-documented; this project seeks similar positive outcomes on another potentially lethal form of tobacco use.

描述（由申请人提供）：在全球范围内，每年有 490 万人因烟草使用而死亡。吸烟对这一死亡人数的贡献已有充分记录。然而，数百万人使用其他方法吸烟，包括水烟（“水烟”或“水烟”）。正如世界卫生组织指出的那样，吸水烟正在全球范围内蔓延，并且与烟草引起的疾病有关。全球流行度和疾病风险凸显了需要更多地了解水烟吸烟的情况，包括其区域流行率和使用者有毒物质暴露情况。他们还强调了全世界对烟草相关研究能力的需求。西南亚国家尤其需要这种能力，这些国家的烟草使用率可能超过 50%，而且吸水烟很常见。叙利亚和黎巴嫩等一些国家一直在建设烟草研究能力[例如，美国国立卫生研究院资助的叙利亚烟草研究中心 (SCTS) 和贝鲁特美国大学 (AUB) 的研究]。其他人可能需要更多的研究能力才能加入区域烟草研究工作。例如，约旦的烟草使用率很高，吸水烟似乎很常见。研究约旦水烟使用流行率和使用者有毒物暴露情况将提供所需的当地数据，同时发展区域烟草相关研究能力。对 PAR-08-223 的回复描述了主要在约旦伊尔比德与博士一起完成的工作。约旦科技大学 (JUST) 的 Mohammed Azab 和 Omar Khabour 是 R01CA120142（2008 年 2 月 21 日至 2013 年 1 月 31 日）的延伸。该家长补助金涉及美国水烟吸烟者，其三个具体目标是：1）了解水烟烟雾毒物的产生量以及使用者使用水烟吸烟时毒物的暴露和影响； 2) 了解如何分组使用影响水烟毒物的产量和效果，以及 3) 了解吸食水烟的毒物暴露和急性影响与吸烟有何不同。这项赠款申请的具体目的是： 1) 研究三年内约旦大学生水烟吸烟率、知识和信仰的变化； 2）检查水烟使用者的依赖性、吸烟行为和二氧化碳暴露之间的关系； 3) 增强地方和区域烟草相关的研究能力。正式培训机会（例如 SCTS 烟草控制研究国际夏季计划；第一年和第二年以项目为重点的研讨会）将得到在线协作和指导的支持，以发展能力并培养长期专业关系。这些关系分别加强了 JUST、SCTS 和 AUB，同时提高了区域能力并鼓励未来的联合研究活动。因此，该项目提供了更多了解约旦烟草使用情况的机会，同时加强该国与烟草相关的研究能力。在此过程中，该项目为区域烟草相关研究奠定了基础，同时解决了家长赠款有关用户有毒物质暴露的目标，并将其扩展到包括水烟流行率。公共健康相关性：该项目与公共健康相关，因为水烟吸食是全球烟草流行中一种鲜为人知但迅速崛起的菌株。该项目将通过揭示约旦大学生的水烟使用率和吸毒者接触毒物的情况，为防止水烟对烟草发病率和死亡率造成重大影响的新举措提供信息。也许更重要的是，该项目建立了约旦烟草相关调查和实验室研究能力，同时加强区域能力并促进国际合作。这种类型的研究能力和合作对吸烟的积极健康影响是有据可查的；该项目寻求在另一种可能致命的烟草使用形式上取得类似的积极成果。