Imaging Implicit Alcohol Associations on Indirect Tests of Associations

在关联的间接测试中成像隐式酒精关联

• 批准号: 7904946
• 负责人: Susan L. Ames
• 金额: $ 18.65万
• 依托单位: CLAREMONT GRADUATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7904946
• 关键词: Addictive Behavior; Address; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker; Alcohols; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral Research; Brain region; Cognition; Cognitive; Complement; Complex; Cues; Data; Development; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Generations; Habits; Image; Imaging Techniques; Implicit Association Test; Individual Differences; Influentials; Intervention; Knowledge; Light; Link; Measures; Memory; Neurobiology; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Plant Roots; Prevention; Process; Reaction Time; Recruitment Activity; Relapse; Research; Severities; Specific qualifier value; Structure; Substance abuse problem; Task Performances; Testing; Work; addiction; alcohol cue; alcohol response; behavior influence; behavior measurement; blood oxygen level dependent; classical conditioning; emerging adult; experience; hemodynamics; imaging modality; implicit memory; information processing; interest; lifetime risk; memory process; neuromechanism; public health relevance; regional difference; relating to nervous system; response; university student; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project seeks to understand the neural substrates involved in implicit associative processes through the imaging (fMRI) of alcohol-relevant memory associations in emerging adults. Complex associative learning and memory processes influenced by reinforced substance use experiences result in neurobiological consequences that include the strengthening of motivationally-relevant associative memories, which, in turn, affect subsequent use trials and transition to heavy, problematic, or habitual use. These alcohol-related associative effects have been shown to consistently correlate with and predict level of use but have not yet been empirically linked to likely neural substrates. The application of associative memory concepts from basic science research suggests that one's behavior at any moment is governed primarily by the current pattern of activation in memory, and that activation is often primarily an implicit or relatively automatic process. To observe differences in neural activity of alcohol- relevant associative effects, the proposed project will involve a between subjects comparison of hazardous/heavy alcohol users and light alcohol users on validated tests of implicit memory and cognition (a cue-behavior-outcome association task and alcohol-related-Implicit Association Tests, IATs). In addition, several within subjects comparisons will provide information relevant to the neural activation of memory associations: a) on compatible and incompatible trials of the IATs to help determine neural correlates of the IAT effect; and b) on alcohol-related cue trials and non-alcohol-related cue trials on the cue-behavior-outcome (CBO) association task. The proposed work is the first project to study differences in neural activity among young adults with different alcohol experiences on indirect tests of association. Indirect assessments of alcohol-relevant associations are rooted in associative learning principles, with associative strength being a key determinant of information processing expressed as memory biases that influence behavior. By eliciting activation of associative alcohol-relevant memories through performance on these indirect tests of association, it is possible to increase our understanding of individual differences in associative structures that influence substance use behavior. The proposed fMRI project will complement and extend findings derived through behavioral measures, increasing our understanding of implicit processes and their regulatory influence on addictive behaviors. Addiction is a progressive, relapsing condition and once established, it is difficult to overcome without continual intervention. If understanding the neural mechanisms involved in these under-studied but influential implicit processes helps to expand our knowledge of influences affecting continued alcohol abuse, then this work is indeed significant and has the potential to inform prevention and treatment efforts. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project seeks to understand the neural substrates involved in implicit associative processes through the imaging of alcohol-relevant implicit associations that have been shown to consistently correlate with and predict levels of alcohol use. To observe differences in neural activity of alcohol-relevant associative effects, the proposed project will involve a between subjects comparison of hazardous alcohol users and light alcohol users on validated tests of implicit memory and cognition (a cue-behavior-outcome association task and alcohol-related-Implicit Association Tests, IATs). By eliciting activation of associative alcohol-relevant memories through performance on these indirect tests of association, it is possible to increase our understanding of individual differences in associative structures that influence alcohol and other substance use behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目旨在通过对新生成年人酒精相关记忆关联的成像（fMRI）来了解参与内隐联想过程的神经基质。受强化物质使用经历影响的复杂联想学习和记忆过程会导致神经生物学后果，包括强化与动机相关的联想记忆，这反过来又会影响后续的使用试验以及向重度、有问题或习惯性使用的过渡。这些与酒精相关的联想效应已被证明与使用水平一致相关并可预测使用水平，但尚未根据经验与可能的神经基质联系起来。基础科学研究中联想记忆概念的应用表明，一个人在任何时刻的行为主要受当前记忆激活模式的控制，而激活通常主要是一个隐式或相对自动的过程。为了观察与酒精相关的联想效应的神经活动的差异，拟议的项目将涉及危险/重度酒精使用者和轻度酒精使用者在经过验证的内隐记忆和认知测试（提示-行为-结果关联任务和酒精相关内隐关联测试，IAT）的受试者之间进行比较。此外，几项受试者内部比较将提供与记忆关联的神经激活相关的信息：a）关于 IAT 的兼容和不兼容试验，以帮助确定 IAT 效应的神经相关性； b）关于线索-行为-结果（CBO）关联任务的酒精相关线索试验和非酒精相关线索试验。拟议的工作是第一个通过间接关联测试来研究具有不同酒精经历的年轻人神经活动差异的项目。对酒精相关联想的间接评估植根于联想学习原则，联想强度是信息处理的关键决定因素，表现为影响行为的记忆偏差。通过这些间接关联测试的表现来引发与酒精相关的联想记忆的激活，有可能增加我们对影响物质使用行为的联想结构的个体差异的理解。拟议的功能磁共振成像项目将补充和扩展通过行为测量得出的发现，增加我们对隐性过程及其对成瘾行为的调节影响的理解。成瘾是一种进​​行性、复发性的病症，一旦形成，如果不持续干预就很难克服。如果了解这些尚未充分研究但有影响力的隐性过程所涉及的神经机制有助于扩大我们对影响持续酗酒的影响的了解，那么这项工作确实意义重大，并且有可能为预防和治疗工作提供信息。 公共健康相关性：该项目旨在通过对与酒精相关的隐性关联进行成像来了解参与隐性关联过程的神经基质，这些关联已被证明与酒精使用水平始终相关并可预测。为了观察与酒精相关的联想效应的神经活动的差异，拟议的项目将涉及在经过验证的内隐记忆和认知测试（提示行为结果关联任务和酒精相关内隐关联测试，IAT）中对危险酒精使用者和轻度酒精使用者进行受试者之间的比较。通过这些间接关联测试的表现来引发与酒精相关的联想记忆的激活，有可能增加我们对影响酒精和其他物质使用行为的联想结构的个体差异的理解。

项目成果

Neural correlates of a Go/NoGo task with alcohol stimuli in light and heavy young drinkers.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.08.039
• 发表时间: 2014-11-01
• 期刊: BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Ames, Susan L.;Wong, Savio W.;Bechara, Antoine;Cappelli, Christopher;Dust, Mark;Grenard, Jerry L.;Stacy, Alan W.
• 通讯作者: Stacy, Alan W.

Functional imaging of implicit marijuana associations during performance on an Implicit Association Test (IAT).

• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.09.013
• 发表时间: 2013-11-01
• 期刊: BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Ames, Susan L.;Grenard, Jerry L.;Stacy, Alan W.;Xiao, Lin;He, Qinghua;Wong, Savio W.;Xue, Gui;Wiers, Reinout W.;Bechara, Antoine
• 通讯作者: Bechara, Antoine

Functional imaging of an alcohol-Implicit Association Test (IAT).

• DOI: 10.1111/adb.12071
• 发表时间: 2014-05
• 期刊: Addiction biology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Ames SL;Grenard JL;He Q;Stacy AW;Wong SW;Xiao L;Xue G;Bechara A
• 通讯作者: Bechara A

Impulsivity, impulsive and reflective processes and the development of alcohol use and misuse in adolescents and young adults.

• DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00144
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Frontiers in psychology
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Wiers RW;Ames SL;Hofmann W;Krank M;Stacy AW
• 通讯作者: Stacy AW

Acceptance of Drug Use Mediates Future Hard Drug Use Among At-Risk Adolescent Marijuana, Tobacco, and Alcohol Users.

• DOI: 10.1007/s11121-020-01165-9
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research
• 作者: Cappelli C;Ames SL;Xie B;Pike JR;Stacy AW
• 通讯作者: Stacy AW