Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure at 22 Years

描述（由申请人提供）：从童年到青春期，我们发现产前酒精暴露（PAE）预示着生长、形态和中枢神经系统发育的缺陷，这是定义胎儿酒精综合征的三个领域。我们发现这些影响跨越了酒精使用的范围，表明PAE在轻度、中度和高水平的暴露下都有显著的影响。鉴于人们仍然普遍认为孕妇少量饮酒是安全的，记录这一点尤为重要。在我们的队列中，大多数女性都是轻度和中度饮酒，尽管我们有不同程度的饮酒者。在我们的队列中，少量和中度饮酒者的数量独特地使我们能够确定妊娠期间少量和中度酒精暴露的影响，以及大量饮酒、滥用和酗酒的影响。拥有跨使用范围的数据还使我们能够定义PAE与结果之间关系的形状，并探索这些关联是否最好地建模为剂量-反应关系或阈值关系。这个提议是在孩子们22岁时，对他们和他们母亲的数据进行分析。我们将在22岁时确定PAE的影响，并将22年的评估与前10个阶段结合起来，观察从妊娠到婴儿期、儿童期、青春期和青年期的发展轨迹。公共卫生相关性：产前酒精暴露对中枢神经系统的发育、生长和形态有显著影响。在高水平的接触下，这三个领域的影响会导致胎儿酒精综合症。人们对妊娠期低水平饮酒的影响知之甚少。这是一项建议，旨在确定产前低、中、重度酒精暴露的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): From childhood through adolescence, we have found that prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) predicts deficits in growth, morphology, and CNS development, the three domains that define Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. We have found these effects across the spectrum of alcohol use, demonstrating that PAE has significant effects at light, moderate, and high levels of exposure. This is particularly important to document in light of the still widespread belief that low-level alcohol consumption by pregnant women is safe. The majority of the women in our cohort drank at light and moderate levels, although we had drinkers across the spectrum of alcohol use. The number of low and moderate drinkers in our cohort has uniquely allowed us to identify the effects of low and moderate levels of alcohol exposure during gestation in addition to the effects of high levels of alcohol use, abuse, and binge drinking. Having data across the spectrum of use also gives us the ability to define the shape of the relations between PAE and the outcomes and to explore whether these associations are best modeled as dose-response or threshold relations. This proposal is to analyze data on the offspring and their mothers when the offspring are age 22. We will identify the effects of PAE at age 22, and we will integrate the 22-year assessment with the prior 10 phases to look at the trajectories of development from gestation through infancy, childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Prenatal alcohol exposure has significant effects on the development of the central nervous system, growth, and morphology. At high levels of exposure, effects across these three domains lead to Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Little is known about the effects of lower levels of alcohol exposure during gestation. This is a proposal to identify the effects of low and moderate, as well as heavy levels of prenatal alcohol exposure.