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Pharmaceutical and cosmetic silica nanoparticles: towards an understanding of their structure, fate and behaviour in aquatic systems

医药和化妆品二氧化硅纳米粒子：了解它们在水生系统中的结构、命运和行为

基本信息

批准号：
NE/E014585/1
负责人：
Margaret Lawrence
金额：
$ 8.14万
依托单位：
King's College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FE014585%2F1
关键词：
Pharmaceutical cosmetic silica nanoparticles towards

项目摘要

Engineered oxide nanoparticles are widely used in cosmetics and personal care products (e.g. sunscreens, toothpastes, skin creams) and in topically-applied pharmaceutical formulations (e.g. creams for local and transdermal application) and are routinely released into wastewaters. This Small Grant examines the loadings of SiO2 nanoparticles to wastewaters from typical domestic use of cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations, the efficiency of removal of SiO2 nanoparticles by wastewater chemical treatment (flocculation and sedimentation) and stability, structure and behaviour of SiO2 nanoparticles in natural waters. SiO2 nanoparticles were selected for this study as these types of oxide nanoparticles are widely used in the formulations under study. Previous research indicates that discrete nanoparticles and small aggregates are likely to be more bioavailable/toxic to aquatic organisms than larger aggregates and that flocculation and sedimentation of nanoparticles are likely to mitigate ecotoxicity and reduce dispersion of nanoparticles within aquatic systems. Therefore, this study provides a series of laboratory experiments to measure the dispersion-aggregation behaviour of SiO2 nanoparticles under a range of aquatic chemical conditions, thereby assessing whether SiO2 nanoparticles are likely to agglomerate and sediment out during chemical water treatment and when discharged into surface waters. Our hypotheses are: (1) Cosmetics (sunscreens, toothpaste) and pharmaceuticals (topically applied creams) provide a significant source of SiO2 nanoparticles to wastewaters. (2) Chemical water treatment (flocculation and sedimentation) is limited in its effectiveness in removing SiO2 nanoparticles. There is therefore potential for discharge of oxide nanoparticles via treated effluent into surface waters (3) The stability, transport and fate of SiO2 nanoparticles in aquatic environments (in relation to aggregate size, structure and rates of sedimentation), are influenced by: (a) aqueous matrix chemistry (pH, ionic strength and composition), (b) interactions with natural organic matter and (c) interactions with aquatic sediments.

经过改造的氧化物纳米颗粒广泛用于化妆品和个人护理产品(例如防晒霜、牙膏、护肤霜)和局部使用的药物配方(例如局部和透皮应用的乳膏)，并且经常被排放到废水中。这项小额赠款考察了化妆品和药品配方的典型家用废水中纳米二氧化硅的负载量、通过废水化学处理(絮凝和沉淀)去除纳米二氧化硅的效率，以及纳米二氧化硅在天然水中的稳定性、结构和行为。选择二氧化硅纳米颗粒进行研究，是因为这些类型的氧化物纳米颗粒在所研究的制剂中被广泛使用。先前的研究表明，离散的纳米颗粒和小的聚集体可能比较大的聚集体对水生生物具有更大的生物可利用性/毒性，纳米颗粒的絮凝和沉淀可能会减轻生态毒性，减少纳米颗粒在水生系统中的分散。因此，本研究提供了一系列实验室实验，以测量纳米二氧化硅在一系列水化学条件下的分散-聚集行为，从而评估纳米二氧化硅在化学水处理过程中和排放到地表水时是否可能团聚和沉淀出来。我们的假设是：(1)化妆品(防晒霜、牙膏)和药品(局部涂抹的面霜)为废水提供了二氧化硅纳米颗粒的重要来源。(2)化学水处理(絮凝和沉淀)在去除二氧化硅纳米颗粒方面的效果有限。(3)纳米二氧化硅在水生环境中的稳定性、迁移和去向(与聚集体的大小、结构和沉积速率有关)，受以下因素影响：(A)水基质化学(pH、离子强度和组成)；(B)与天然有机物的相互作用；(C)与水生沉积物的相互作用。