Host dispersal, individual variation and spatial heterogeneity in avian malaria
禽疟疾的宿主扩散、个体变异和空间异质性
基本信息
- 批准号:NE/F003129/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 11.18万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2008
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2008 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Understanding how individuals vary is particularly important in evolutionary ecology, as this allows us to understand how individuals might respond to their environment. Parasites make up the majority of species, so investigating the interactions between hosts and parasites is an important part of understanding wild populations. Despite this, few such studies have been undertaken at a large enough scale to improve our knowledge of host-parasite interactions in the wild. Host infection with parasites varies markedly in space, even at a local scale in the case of avian malaria in our tit population. Hosts take their parasites with them wherever they go, so the dispersal of hosts is an important factor in understanding the spatial heterogeneity of disease. The risk of parasite infection in wild populations varies in space, often due to variation in the abundance of infectious stages of the parasite. This can be due to variation in environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, or inherent spatial processes such as disease clustering. Does a site have a high level of disease infection due to the local environment, or because infected individuals have moved there? The proposed project will study a long term population of great tits and blue tits at Wytham Woods, near Oxford. Avian malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes, and infects 30% of breeding blue tits at Wytham. Our large nestbox population means that most breeding birds are individually ringed as chicks so we can track their movements; we can sample around 500 adults of both blue tits and great tits over a useful geographical scale to examine the influence of local environment and host dispersal on the distribution of avian malaria infection. Recent statistical models to predict the distribution and spread of disease that take account of this spatial dimension provide an increasingly good fit to the patterns seen in real life epidemics, such as the 2001 foot and mouth epidemic. Interestingly, the avian malaria parasites in our study population fall into two species groups that each has a different spatial distribution. Developments in the use of DNA-based malaria diagnosis, the use of Geographical Information Sytems to accurately map spatial locations and environmental measurements of habitat variation using satellite imagery and microclimate using miniature data loggers mean that we can confidently approach what were, until recently, logistically daunting questions in ecology. We have three objectives: 1. To understand the causes of individual variation in infection with avian malaria. To what extent is infection determined by natal conditions, maternal status, age or inherited factors? We will use a combination of existing long-term data on avian malaria in tits complemented by data collected during this project, and a large scale field experiment to switch clutches of eggs between nests. 2. To determine the extent to which the observed spatial distribution of the two malaria species results from host-driven processes, particularly host dispersal. We will examine the spatial characteristics of avian malaria infection between classes of birds with different dispersal, both residents and immigrants to the population, and conduct an experiment to manipulate dispersal by moving birds between woodlands. 3. Finally, we will employ a mathematical modelling approach to examine the relative roles if host dispersal, maternal immunity and the risk of malaria infection in generating the spatial patterns of disease we see in our study population. These models will concentrate on the important effects identified by our preceding work, generating new testable hypotheses and leading to further empirical and modelling work. These three approaches are made possible by the large and well studied population of tits, and will address the fundamental ecology of avian malaria in a wild bird population, while increasing our wider understanding of disease.
了解个体如何变化在进化生态学中尤为重要,因为这使我们能够了解个体如何对其环境做出反应。寄生虫占大多数物种,因此研究寄主和寄生虫之间的相互作用是了解野生种群的重要组成部分。尽管如此,很少有这样的研究在足够大的规模上进行,以提高我们对野生宿主-寄生虫相互作用的认识。宿主对寄生虫的感染在空间上有显著差异,即使在我国山雀种群中发生禽疟疾的地方尺度上也是如此。宿主带着它们的寄生虫走到哪里,所以宿主的传播是理解疾病空间异质性的一个重要因素。野生种群中寄生虫感染的风险因空间而异,通常是由于寄生虫感染阶段的丰度不同。这可能是由于环境条件的变化,如温度和湿度,或固有的空间过程,如疾病聚集。一个地点是否由于当地环境或受感染的人搬到那里而有高水平的疾病感染?拟议中的项目将研究牛津附近威瑟姆森林的大山雀和蓝山雀的长期种群。禽疟是由蚊子传播的,威瑟姆有30%的繁殖蓝山雀感染了禽疟。我们庞大的巢箱种群意味着大多数繁殖的鸟类在雏鸟时都被单独圈起来,这样我们就可以追踪它们的活动;我们可以在一个有用的地理范围内对大约500只成年蓝山雀和大山雀进行取样,以检查当地环境和宿主扩散对禽疟疾感染分布的影响。最近用于预测疾病分布和传播的统计模型考虑了这一空间维度,与现实生活中的流行病(如2001年的口蹄疫)的模式越来越吻合。有趣的是,在我们的研究种群中,禽疟寄生虫分为两个种群,每个种群都有不同的空间分布。利用基于dna的疟疾诊断、利用地理信息系统精确绘制空间位置、利用卫星图像对栖息地变化进行环境测量以及利用微型数据记录仪对小气候进行测量等方面的发展,意味着我们可以自信地解决直到最近还在生态学中令人生畏的逻辑问题。我们有三个目标:1。了解禽疟感染个体差异的原因。感染在多大程度上取决于出生条件、产妇状况、年龄或遗传因素?我们将结合现有的山雀禽疟疾长期数据,辅以本项目收集的数据,以及大规模的野外实验,在不同的巢穴之间切换鸟蛋。2. 确定观察到的两种疟疾物种的空间分布在多大程度上是由宿主驱动的过程造成的,特别是宿主的扩散。本研究将研究不同分布类型鸟类(包括迁入鸟类和留居鸟类)间禽疟感染的空间特征,并通过在林地间移动鸟类来控制鸟类的传播。3. 最后,我们将采用数学建模方法来检查宿主扩散、母体免疫和疟疾感染风险在产生我们在研究人群中看到的疾病空间模式中的相对作用。这些模型将集中在我们之前的工作中确定的重要影响上,产生新的可测试的假设,并导致进一步的经验和建模工作。这三种方法是由于对山雀种群的大量和充分研究而成为可能的,并将解决野生鸟类种群中禽疟疾的基本生态学问题,同时增加我们对疾病的更广泛了解。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(3)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
The interaction of seasonal forcing and immunity and the resonance dynamics of malaria.
- DOI:10.1098/rsif.2009.0178
- 发表时间:2010-02-06
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Childs DZ;Boots M
- 通讯作者:Boots M
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}
Mike Boots其他文献
The population dynamical consequences of density-dependent prophylaxis
- DOI:
10.1016/j.jtbi.2011.07.029 - 发表时间:
2011-11-07 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Jennifer J.H. Reynolds;Andrew White;Jonathan A. Sherratt;Mike Boots - 通讯作者:
Mike Boots
The Evolution of Oscillatory Behavior in Age‐Structured Species
年龄结构物种振荡行为的进化
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2005 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.9
- 作者:
J. Greenman;T. G. Benton;Mike Boots;A. White - 通讯作者:
A. White
E 2008, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc. Spatiotemporal dynamics of bacterial populations in the anoxic Cariaco Basin
E 2008,美国湖沼学和海洋学学会,Inc. 缺氧卡里亚科盆地细菌种群的时空动态
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
J. Greenman;T. G. Benton;Mike Boots;A. White - 通讯作者:
A. White
Mike Boots的其他文献
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
{{ truncateString('Mike Boots', 18)}}的其他基金
Testing the "Red King": The maintenance of functional diversity of hosts and parasites
检验“红王”:宿主和寄生虫功能多样性的维持
- 批准号:
NE/K014617/1 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Resource availability and the evolution of host resistance to parasites: within individuals, trade-off shapes and the genetic basis of resistance
资源可用性和宿主对寄生虫的抗性的进化:个体内部、权衡形状和抗性的遗传基础
- 批准号:
NE/J009784/1 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Temperature impacts on parasite epidemiology - case study of a contact-transmitted insect parasite
温度对寄生虫流行病学的影响——接触传播昆虫寄生虫的案例研究
- 批准号:
NE/G004218/2 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Testing the role of spatial structure in ecology and evolution
测试空间结构在生态和进化中的作用
- 批准号:
NE/G006938/2 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
The evolution of virulence in a vector borne disease
媒介传播疾病的毒力演变
- 批准号:
NE/F019610/2 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
The evolution of virulence in a vector borne disease
媒介传播疾病的毒力演变
- 批准号:
NE/F019610/1 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Testing the role of spatial structure in ecology and evolution
测试空间结构在生态和进化中的作用
- 批准号:
NE/G006938/1 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Temperature impacts on parasite epidemiology - case study of a contact-transmitted insect parasite
温度对寄生虫流行病学的影响——接触传播昆虫寄生虫的案例研究
- 批准号:
NE/G004218/1 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
相似国自然基金
皖南地区同域分布的两种蛙类景观遗传学比较研究
- 批准号:31370537
- 批准年份:2013
- 资助金额:75.0 万元
- 项目类别:面上项目
基于传孢类型藓类植物系统的修订
- 批准号:30970188
- 批准年份:2009
- 资助金额:26.0 万元
- 项目类别:面上项目
集合种群尺度下种群模型的建立与研究
- 批准号:10471066
- 批准年份:2004
- 资助金额:19.0 万元
- 项目类别:面上项目
相似海外基金
Individual fitness, directional dispersal, and the dynamics of trailing-edge populations
个体适应度、定向扩散和后缘种群动态
- 批准号:
2319642 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Geographic origins and dispersal of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis in South Africa: Advancing strategies for early detection
南非耐药结核分枝杆菌的地理起源和传播:推进早期检测策略
- 批准号:
10887027 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Geographic origins and dispersal of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis in South Africa: Advancing strategies for early detection
南非耐药结核分枝杆菌的地理起源和传播:推进早期检测策略
- 批准号:
10523608 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
This way out: Spatiotemporal regulation of Vibrio cholerae biofilm dispersal
出路:霍乱弧菌生物膜扩散的时空调控
- 批准号:
10188774 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
This way out: Spatiotemporal regulation of Vibrio cholerae biofilm dispersal
出路:霍乱弧菌生物膜扩散的时空调控
- 批准号:
10770594 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
This way out: Spatiotemporal regulation of Vibrio cholerae biofilm dispersal
出路:霍乱弧菌生物膜扩散的时空调控
- 批准号:
10455425 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Host-associated biofilm formation and dispersal mechanisms
宿主相关生物膜的形成和扩散机制
- 批准号:
10798991 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Host-associated biofilm formation and dispersal mechanisms
宿主相关生物膜的形成和扩散机制
- 批准号:
10388297 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Life history and dispersal of the alien seaweed Sargassum muticum in Scottish coastal waters: an individual-based modelling approach
苏格兰沿海水域外来海藻马尾藻的生活史和扩散:基于个体的建模方法
- 批准号:
2269477 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别:
Studentship
Surveillance of mosquito and arbovirus dispersal using smart microcrystals
使用智能微晶监测蚊子和虫媒病毒的传播
- 批准号:
9807932 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 11.18万 - 项目类别: