Oxidant production over Antarctica land and its export - OPALE
南极洲土地上的氧化剂生产及其出口 - OPALE
基本信息
- 批准号:NE/F004796/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 37.33万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2008
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2008 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The atmosphere of the Earth is an oxidising medium. The atmosphere directly above the Antarctica plateau is thought to be a pristine clean environment, however the oxidising capacity of the Antarctic atmosphere has recently been found to be very high. Emission of nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2 and HONO) and oxidised compounds such as HCHO and H2O2 from the snowpack are thought to be responsible. The chemical emissions are mainly driven by photochemical reactions in the snow, i.e. the action of sunlight on snowpack drives photolysis of nitrate and hydrogen peroxide in the snow to produce fluxes of nitrogen oxides from the snowpack and hydroxyl radical reactions in the snowpack. Snow is an excellent medium for photochemical reactions owing to the enhancement in the light flux in the top 10cm of the snow relative to the atmosphere above. Previous studies of this snow-atmosphere chemistry have tended to concentrate on either atmospheric measurements and/or polar coastal sites. One aim of this investigation is to explore and explain the high atmospheric oxidising capacity over plateau continental Antarctica and link this chemistry with measurement and atmospheric chemistry/transport modelling studies with stations on costal Antarctica. Coastal Antarctic stations study a mixture of Antarctic and coastal air-masses. This study will be conducted at the important French/Italian ice-core drilling site at Dome C, located on the Antarctic plateau. Thus, the second aim of this work is to investigate the effect of air-snow chemistry on chemical records in ice cores used to infer previous climates. The proposed study is novel and excellent for three reasons: 1) The international team is investigating the snowpack chemistry AND the atmospheric chemistry. Many previous studies have tended to concentrate on the atmosphere, 2) The variation with depth of chemicals such as nitrate trapped in Antarctic ice cores potentially provides the strongest evidence available for past climate and climate change events, an understanding of which is required for the accurate predictions of future climate change. Deciphering the chemical signals present in the ice cores is a major challenge as various processes can lead to the loss of chemicals from the ice core after initial deposition. We propose to develop a method by which the nitrate profiles recorded in ice cores can be used to obtain oxidising capacity in past atmospheres. 3) The snow and ice at Dome C are not seasonal (no summer melting). This will be the first opportunity to measure photochemistry in snowpacks for non-seasonal snow and will be different to all previous work. The requested NERC support in this proposal is for the optical properties (albedo and light penetration depths of the Dome C snowpack to be measured, to monitor downwelling atmosphere radiation and the construction of a photochemical radiative transfer model to calculate photolysis rates of chemicals in the snowpack and fluxes of chemicals (NO, NO2, HONO etc) from the snowpack. This is a critical part of the international campaign which has British Antarctic survey (BAS) scientists measuring fluxes of these chemicals from the snowpack and three groups of French scientists measuring the snow microphysical structure, oxidants in the atmosphere and isotopic values of N and O in the snow and atmospheric modelling to explore the response of coastal stations to the interior oxidation chemistry as the air is transported away from the plateau to the coastal stations. The campaign is excellent value for money as the French Polar program IPEV is providing paid logistics. The proposal allows UK scientists access to the Antarctica Plateau, where the UK has no stations. This is a fantastic opportunity. The project partners are all world leading polar scientists. The campaign is an International Polar Year campaign under the International Global Atmospheric chemistry program (IGAC), AICI (air-ice chemical interactions) project.
地球的大气层是一种氧化介质。南极洲高原上方的大气被认为是一个原始的清洁环境,但最近发现南极洲大气的氧化能力非常高。氮氧化物(NO,NO2和HONO)和氧化化合物(如HCHO和H2 O2)的排放被认为是积雪的原因。化学排放主要是由雪中的光化学反应驱动的,即阳光对积雪的作用驱动雪中硝酸盐和过氧化氢的光解,从而产生来自积雪的氮氧化物通量和积雪中的羟基自由基反应。雪是光化学反应的优良介质,这是由于雪的顶部10 cm处的光通量相对于上面的大气增强。以前的研究,这种雪-大气化学往往集中在大气测量和/或极地沿海地区。这项调查的目的之一是探索和解释高原大陆南极洲的高大气氧化能力,并将这种化学与测量和大气化学/运输模拟研究与南极洲沿海的台站联系起来。南极沿海观测站研究南极和沿海气团的混合物。这项研究将在位于南极高原的Dome C重要的法国/意大利冰芯钻探地点进行。因此,这项工作的第二个目的是调查空气-雪化学对冰芯化学记录的影响,冰芯化学记录用于推断以前的气候。这项研究是新颖和优秀的,原因有三:1)国际团队正在研究积雪化学和大气化学。许多以前的研究往往集中在大气中,2)化学物质的变化,如南极冰芯中的硝酸盐,可能为过去的气候和气候变化事件提供最有力的证据,了解这一点是准确预测未来气候变化所必需的。破译冰芯中存在的化学信号是一个重大挑战,因为各种过程可能导致冰芯在初始沉积后损失化学物质。我们建议开发一种方法,通过该方法,记录在冰芯中的硝酸盐配置文件可以用来获得在过去的大气中的氧化能力。3)冰穹C的雪和冰不是季节性的(没有夏天融化)。这将是第一次有机会测量非季节性积雪中的光化学,并且与以前的所有工作都不同。本提案中要求的NERC支持是测量Dome C积雪的光学特性(反射率和光穿透深度),以监测下行大气辐射,并建立光化学辐射转移模型,以计算积雪中化学品的光解率和积雪中化学品(NO、NO2、HONO等)的通量。这是国际运动的一个关键部分,英国南极调查局(BAS)的科学家测量了积雪中这些化学物质的通量,三组法国科学家测量了积雪的微物理结构,大气中的氧化剂和雪中N和O的同位素值以及大气模拟,以探索当空气被输送离开时沿海站对内部氧化化学的响应。从高原到海岸站由于法国极地项目IPEV提供有偿物流服务,该活动物超所值。该提案允许英国科学家进入南极高原,英国在那里没有站。这是个绝好的机会该项目的合作伙伴都是世界领先的极地科学家。该活动是国际全球大气化学计划(IGAC)AICI(空气-冰化学相互作用)项目下的国际极地年活动。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(10)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
The importance of considering depth-resolved photochemistry in snow: a radiative-transfer study of NO 2 and OH production in Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard) snowpacks
考虑雪中深度分辨光化学的重要性:尼勒松(斯瓦尔巴群岛)积雪中 NO 2 和 OH 生成的辐射传输研究
- DOI:10.3189/002214310793146250
- 发表时间:2017
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.4
- 作者:France J
- 通讯作者:France J
Role of nitrite in the photochemical formation of radicals in the snow.
亚硝酸盐在雪中自由基光化学形成中的作用。
- DOI:10.1021/es404002c
- 发表时间:2014
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:11.4
- 作者:Jacobi HW
- 通讯作者:Jacobi HW
Calculations of in-snow NO 2 and OH radical photochemical production and photolysis rates: A field and radiative-transfer study of the optical properties of Arctic (Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard) snow
雪中 NO 2 和 OH 自由基光化学产生和光解速率的计算:北极(尼勒松、斯瓦尔巴群岛)雪光学特性的现场和辐射传输研究
- DOI:10.1029/2011jf002019
- 发表时间:2011
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:France J
- 通讯作者:France J
The effects of additional black carbon on the albedo of Arctic sea ice: variation with sea ice type and snow cover
- DOI:10.5194/tc-7-1193-2013
- 发表时间:2013-07
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:A. A. Marks-A.;M. King
- 通讯作者:A. A. Marks-A.;M. King
Large mixing ratios of atmospheric nitrous acid (HONO) at Concordia (East Antarctic Plateau) in summer: a strong source from surface snow?
- DOI:10.5194/acp-14-9963-2014
- 发表时间:2014-09
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:6.3
- 作者:M. Legrand;S. Preunkert;M. Frey;T. Bartels-Rausch;A. Kukui;M. King;J. Savarino;M. Kerbrat;B. Jourdain
- 通讯作者:M. Legrand;S. Preunkert;M. Frey;T. Bartels-Rausch;A. Kukui;M. King;J. Savarino;M. Kerbrat;B. Jourdain
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Martin King其他文献
気候市民会議:日本における可能性と課題
公民气候会议:日本的机遇与挑战
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2020 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Stephen Elstub;Naoyuki Mikami;Alice Moseley;Martin King;Nadine Andrews;Dmitri Courant;Jayne Carrick;Annika Agger;Claire Mellier;Oliver Escobar;Naoyuki Mikami;三上直之;三上直之 - 通讯作者:
三上直之
Handbook of Democratic Innovation and Governance (Stephen Elstub and Oliver Escobar (eds.), "Trends in democratic innovation in Asia" を分担執筆)
民主创新与治理手册(Stephen Elstub 和 Oliver Escobar(主编),《亚洲民主创新趋势》合著者)
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2019 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Stephen Elstub;Naoyuki Mikami;Alice Moseley;Martin King;Nadine Andrews;Dmitri Courant;Jayne Carrick;Annika Agger;Claire Mellier;Oliver Escobar;Naoyuki Mikami;三上直之;三上直之;三上直之;三上直之;三上 直之;三上直之;三上直之;三上直之;Naoyuki Mikami - 通讯作者:
Naoyuki Mikami
Adapting for the future: flexibility of UK postgraduate training
- DOI:
10.1016/j.mpsur.2023.05.004 - 发表时间:
2023-08-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Martin King;Tim Mitchell - 通讯作者:
Tim Mitchell
Clinical Device-Related Article Pivoting System Fracture in a Bileaflet Mechanical Valve: A Case Report
临床设备相关文章双叶机械瓣膜旋转系统断裂:病例报告
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.4
- 作者:
Daniel Chappard;Martin King;Hector Jorge Redruello;Horacio Alberto Prezioso;Hongbo Zhang;Jorge Luis Jordana;邓小燕;Ze Zhang;Maria Cristina Saccheri;Toma´ s Francisco Cianciulli;Jorge Alberto Lax;Robert Guidoin - 通讯作者:
Robert Guidoin
Martin King的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Martin King', 18)}}的其他基金
Quantifying the light scattering and atmospheric oxidation rate of real organic films on atmospheric aerosol
量化大气气溶胶上真实有机膜的光散射和大气氧化率
- 批准号:
NE/T00732X/1 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 37.33万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Measurement of bi-direflectance (BRDF) of sea-ice for Earth Observing Satellites
地球观测卫星海冰双向反射(BRDF)测量
- 批准号:
NE/I018999/1 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 37.33万 - 项目类别:
Training Grant
Oxidation of organic monolayer films on atmospheric aerosol trapped in a laser tweezer traps: hygroscopic and kinetic studies
激光镊子陷阱中捕获的大气气溶胶上的有机单层膜的氧化:吸湿性和动力学研究
- 批准号:
NE/H019103/1 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 37.33万 - 项目类别:
Training Grant
Photochemical oxidation in snow and sea-ice by organic matter photocatalysis in the visible: An international field and modelling study.
可见光下有机物光催化对雪和海冰的光化学氧化:国际领域和建模研究。
- 批准号:
NE/F010788/1 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 37.33万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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