Enhancing Sleep Duration: Effects on Children's Eating and Activity Behaviors

描述（由申请人提供）：儿童肥胖症已被标记为流行病，约33%的6-11岁儿童超重或肥胖。这标志着在过去的20年里儿童肥胖症的急剧增加。与此同时，睡眠不足的儿童人数也在增加。目前的估计显示，超过一半的学龄儿童睡眠时间缩短。流行病学研究发现，睡眠时间缩短与儿童肥胖风险增加有关。对成年人的实验研究表明，睡眠不足可能会通过改变对饥饿和食欲的神经内分泌控制而导致肥胖风险增加，这可能会影响食物摄入。尽管有越来越多的证据，但据我们所知，还没有研究评估增加睡眠时间的干预措施如何影响儿童的饮食行为。此外，研究在很大程度上忽视了如何提高睡眠时间可能会影响身体和久坐活动的参与。因此，这项拟议的研究将建立在以前的研究基础上，确定增加儿童的睡眠时间是否会导致饮食和活动行为的变化。将招募104名8-11岁的儿童，他们每晚睡眠时间为9个半小时或更少。儿童将被随机分配到2个条件之一：1）优化睡眠或2）控制（睡眠没有变化）。优化睡眠组的儿童家庭将获得有效的行为策略，以增加睡眠时间。在基线、2周和2个月随访时，将收集以下内容：睡眠持续时间、饮食摄入、身体和久坐活动、食物的相对强化值（RRV）（即，孩子们为食物奖励而努力工作的程度），以及孩子的身高和体重。主要研究目的如下：1）确定优化睡眠干预是否会导致2个月随访时的睡眠时间增加，以及2）确定增加睡眠是否会导致2个月随访时热量摄入和脂肪卡路里百分比的变化。次要研究目的将评估食物的RRV变化，参与身体和久坐活动，以及儿童zBMI的变化。 公共卫生相关性：目前的应用与公共卫生直接相关。儿童肥胖是一种日益增长的流行病，与睡眠时间的变化有关。增加睡眠时间对饮食和活动行为的影响的信息将有助于确定增加儿童的睡眠时间是否是改善其饮食和活动行为的重要因素，以及对预防和治疗儿童肥胖的重要性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pediatric obesity has been labeled an epidemic with approximately 33% of children 6-11 years old being either overweight or obese. This marks a dramatic increase in pediatric obesity in the last 20 years. During this same time period, the number of children with insufficient sleep has also risen. Current estimates show that over one-half of school age children have shortened sleep duration. Epidemiological studies have found that shortened sleep duration is associated with increased risk of obesity in children. Experimental studies with adults suggest that less sleep may lead to increased risk for obesity through changes in the neuroendocrine control of hunger and appetite, which may influence food intake. Despite this mounting evidence, to our knowledge, no studies have assessed how an intervention to increase sleep duration affects children's eating behaviors. Furthermore, research has largely neglected to understand how enhancing sleep duration may affect engagement in physical and sedentary activities. The proposed study will therefore build upon previous research by determining whether enhancing sleep duration in children leads to changes in eating and activity behaviors. One hundred four children 8-11 years old who sleep 9 1/2 hours or less each night will be enrolled. Children will be randomly assigned to 1 of 2 conditions: 1) optimize sleep or 2) control (no change in sleep). Families of children in the optimize sleep group will receive effective behavioral strategies to increase sleep duration. At baseline, 2-week and 2-month follow-up, the following will be gathered: sleep duration, dietary intake, physical and sedentary activity, the relative reinforcing value (RRV) of food (i.e., how hard children work for food rewards), and child height and weight. Primary study aims are as follows: 1) to determine if the optimize sleep intervention leads to increases in sleep duration at 2-month follow-up, and 2) to determine if increased sleep leads to changes in caloric intake and percent calories from fat at 2-month follow-up. Secondary study aims will assess changes in the RRV of food, engagement in physical and sedentary activities, and changes in children's zBMI. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The current application is directly relevant to public health. Pediatric obesity is a growing epidemic that has been associated with changes in sleep duration. Information on the effect of increased sleep duration on eating and activity behaviors would help determine whether enhancing children's sleep duration is an important factor for improving their eating and activity behaviors, and important for the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.