Behavioral and Biological Rhythms in Children's Obesity-Related Health Disparities

儿童肥胖相关健康差异的行为和生物节律

• 批准号: 10390744
• 负责人: Chantelle Nobile Hart
• 金额: $ 74.07万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-23 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10390744
• 关键词: 8 year old; Accelerometer; Adolescence; Adult; Affect; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Process; Biological Rhythm; Biology; Body mass index; Child; Circadian Rhythms; Eating; Economics; Enrollment; Ensure; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemic; Family; Fibrinogen; Food; Future; Glucose; Habits; Health; Health behavior; Height; Home; Hour; Household; Intake; Light; Measures; Melatonin; Metabolism; Napping; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Observational Study; Patient Self-Report; Pediatric Research; Phase; Physical activity; Plant Roots; Prevention; Public Health; Regulation; Research; Research Support; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Rodent; Rodent Model; Role; Schedule; School-Age Population; Science; Sleep; Socioeconomic Status; Structure; Testing; Time; Weight; Weight Gain; Work; Youth; actigraphy; behavior influence; circadian; circadian pacemaker; comorbidity; dietary; energy balance; environmental stressor; excessive weight gain; experience; experimental study; food insecurity; food security; health disparity; improved; low socioeconomic status; modifiable risk; neighborhood disadvantage; neighborhood safety; novel; novel strategies; obesity in children; obesity prevention; obesity risk; obesity treatment; response; sedentary activity; sleep behavior; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics; therapy development; weight gain prevention

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Pediatric obesity is considered an epidemic with striking disparities by socioeconomic status (SES). There is therefore a pressing need to identify novel, modifiable risk factors for obesity prevention and treatment in children, particularly those who are at greater risk. Compelling evidence that is rooted in circadian biology and our understanding of circadian rhythms, and is supported by emerging work with rodents and adults suggests that in addition to focusing on how much we engage in eating, activity and sleep behaviors, it may also be important to understand the timing and consistency with which we engage in these behaviors (i.e., behavioral rhythms) for obesity risk reduction. Mounting evidence demonstrates that behavioral rhythms that are aligned with underlying circadian rhythms, such as sleeping during the biological night and eating during the biological day are associated with improved metabolic processes and weight regulation. Although less is known regarding how behavioral rhythms may optimize weight regulation in children, findings from related lines of pediatric research support those with rodents and adults and highlight the potential importance of behavioral rhythms for excess weight gain prevention. Understanding the role of behavioral rhythms in weight regulation for children from lower SES backgrounds may be particularly important given that they may be at greater risk for disruptions to behavioral rhythms due to economic adversity and neighborhood disadvantage, placing them at increased risk for excess weight gain. Further, understanding associations between SES, behavioral rhythms and weight regulation in young school-aged children focuses on a time period when a number of health behaviors that carry through adolescence are shaped and thus may represent an opportune time for optimizing weight regulation. The present study therefore proposes to enroll 176 children 5-8 years old from diverse SES backgrounds into a 16-month observational study. Children will complete five 10-day assessments across the study (baseline, 4, 8, 12, and 16 months) during which the following will be measured: timing and consistency of sleep (via actigraphy), timing and distribution of eating (via 24-hour dietary recalls), timing and consistency of physical and sedentary activities (via accelerometry and self-report), timing of the circadian clock (dim light melatonin onset; DLMO), measures of the home and neighborhood environment, and anthropometrics (height, weight, adiposity). The primary aims of this proposed work are to assess: a) how behavioral rhythms affect body mass index (BMI) trajectories in children, and b) how SES affects behavioral rhythms and thus BMI trajectories. Secondary aims will assess how circadian factors (i.e., circadian phase and circadian phase angle) and the household and neighborhood environments affect behavioral rhythms. Exploratory aims will also assess the relative influence of behavioral, circadian and environmental factors on children's BMI trajectories, including potential moderation of associations between behavioral rhythms and BMI trajectories by circadian phase and phase angle.

项目摘要/摘要 小儿肥胖被认为是一种因社会经济地位（SES）而引人注目的流行病。有 因此，迫切需要确定预防肥胖和治疗的新颖，可修改的风险因素 儿童，特别是那些面临更大风险的孩子。令人信服的证据源于昼夜节律的生物学和 我们对昼夜节律的理解，并得到与啮齿动物和成年人的新兴工作的支持 除了关注我们参与饮食，活动和睡眠行为的程度外，还可能是 了解我们参与这些行为的时机和一致性很重要（即行为 节奏）减少肥胖风险。越来越多的证据表明，对齐的行为节奏 带有潜在的昼夜节律，例如在生物之夜睡觉和在生物学期间吃饭 一天与改善的代谢过程和体重调节有关。虽然少知道 关于行为节奏如何优化儿童的体重调节，相关行的发现 小儿研究支持那些患有啮齿动物和成人的人，并强调了行为的潜在重要性 预防体重增加的节奏。了解行为节奏在体重调节中的作用 对于来自SES较低背景的儿童，鉴于他们可能面临更大的风险 由于经济逆境和邻里劣势而导致行为节奏的中断，将其放置 体重增加的风险增加。此外，了解SES，行为之间的关联 年轻学龄儿童的节奏和体重调节专注于许多时间段 穿过青春期的健康行为是形状的，因此可能代表了适当的时机 优化体重调节。因此，本研究建议从 各种SES背景为16个月的观察性研究。孩子们将完成五天10天 整个研究的评估（基线，4、8、12和16个月）将在此测量以下内容： 睡眠的时间和一致性（通过行动术），饮食的时机和分布（通过24小时饮食召回）， 身体和久坐活动的时间和一致性（通过加速度计和自我报告），时间安排 昼夜节律时钟（昏暗的淡化褪黑激素发作； DLMO），家庭和邻里环境的测量 人类测量法（身高，体重，肥胖）。这项拟议工作的主要目的是评估：a）如何 行为节奏会影响儿童体重指数（BMI）轨迹，b）SES如何影响行为 节奏，因此是BMI轨迹。次要目的将评估昼夜节律的因素（即昼夜节期和 昼夜节律角度）和家庭和邻里环境会影响行为节奏。 探索目的还将评估行为，昼夜节律因素对 儿童的BMI轨迹，包括行为节奏与BMI之间的关联的潜在调节 按昼夜节相和相角的轨迹。