Family and Health Consequences of Imbalanced Sex Ratios in India

印度性别比例失衡的家庭和健康后果

• 批准号: 8020551
• 负责人: SCOTT J SOUTH
• 金额: $ 31.56万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8020551
• 关键词: AIDS/HIV problem; Adoption; Adult; Affect; Age; Behavior; Biological Markers; Blood; Categories; Censuses; Communities; Country; Data; Data Set; Decision Making; Dimensions; Distal; Divorce; Domestic Violence; Dowries; Family; Family dynamics; Family health status; Female; Fertility; Gender; Geography; Health; Health Surveys; Health behavior; Household; Human Development; India; Individual; Influentials; Intervention; Learning; Life; Literature; Marketing; Marriage; Marriage Ages; Measures; Modeling; Occupational; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Planets; Population; Prostitution; Records; Relative (related person); Research; Respondent; Risk; Selective Abortion; Sex Behavior; Sex Bias; Sex Ratio; Sexual Health; Sexual Partners; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Shapes; Social Behavior; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Spottings; Structure; Surveys; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Variant; Woman; Women' s Role; age group; base; boys; empowerment; experience; geographic difference; girls; labor force participation; literacy; male; men; multilevel analysis; population health; sex; sex risk; social; socioeconomics; theories; trend; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): India has long experienced a numerical shortage of females, and this sex ratio imbalance is likely to grow with the widespread adoption of sex-selective abortion technologies. Although considerable research has documented levels, trends, and differentials in India's population sex ratio, we know little about the consequences of India's imbalance in the numbers of women and men for critical family, demographic, and health-related behaviors. This project uses data from three different sources-the 2005-06 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), the 2004-05 India Human Development Survey (IHDS), and the 1981, 1991, and 2001 Censuses of India-to examine the impact of India's imbalanced population sex ratio on key family formation behaviors (e.g., age at marriage, fertility, likelihood of divorce, social and geographic exogamy, the values of dowries); on sexual behaviors and health outcomes (e.g., age at first sex, engagement in premarital and extramarital sex, number of sexual partners, commercial sex, forced sex, and contraction of sexually-transmitted disease, including HIV/AIDS); on gendered family dynamics (e.g., women's roles in household decision-making, other dimensions of women's empowerment and autonomy, domestic violence); and on women's socioeconomic attainment (e.g., women's literacy, educational attainment, labor force participation, occupational attainment). Multilevel fixed-effect and random-effect regression models will estimate the impact of the local marriage market sex ratio, measured with census data, on these outcomes measured in the NFHS-3 and the IHDS. By capitalizing on the substantial age-graded and geographic variation in adult sex ratios across India, and by applying statistical techniques appropriate for the analysis of multilevel data structures, the proposed analysis holds promise for substantially enhancing our understanding of how India's increasing overabundance of males relative to females will affect multiple dimensions of family life and population health. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: India is the world's second most populous country and projected to become the largest by 2050. Growing imbalances in India's sex ratio have the potential to alter substantially multiple dimensions of demographic and family-related behavior, including the sexual behaviors that contribute to the spread of HIV/AIDS. Consequently, learning more about the family and health consequences of India's growing male surplus and female deficit is an important scientific objective.

描述（由申请人提供）：印度长期以来经历了女性的数值短缺，这种性别比不平衡很可能会随着性行为堕胎技术的广泛采用而增长。尽管大量的研究记录了印度人口性别比例的水平，趋势和差异，但我们对印度对关键家庭，人口统计和与健康有关的行为的不平衡的后果知之甚少。 This project uses data from three different sources-the 2005-06 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), the 2004-05 India Human Development Survey (IHDS), and the 1981, 1991, and 2001 Censuses of India-to examine the impact of India's imbalanced population sex ratio on key family formation behaviors (e.g., age at marriage, fertility, likelihood of divorce, social and geographic exogamy, the values of嫁妆）；关于性行为和健康成果（例如，首先年龄，婚前和婚外性别，性伴侣的人数，商业性别，强迫性行为以及包括艾滋病毒/艾滋病在内的性传播疾病的收缩）；关于性别家庭动态（例如，妇女在家庭决策，妇女赋权和自治的其他方面，家庭暴力，家庭暴力的角色）；以及妇女的社会经济成就（例如，妇女识字，教育成就，劳动力参与，职业成就）。多级固定效应和随机效应回归模型将估计以人口普查数据测量的当地婚姻市场性别比对NFHS-3和IHD中测得的结果的影响。通过利用印度成人性别比例的大量年龄级别和地理差异，以及应用适合分析多层次数据结构的统计技术，提出的分析有望实质上增强我们对印度对女性相对增长的男性增加的理解，这将影响家庭生活和人群健康的多个维度。 公共卫生相关性：印度是世界第二大人口最多的国家，预计到2050年将成为最大的国家。印度性别比例的不平衡不平衡有可能改变人口统计和家庭相关行为的实质上多个维度，包括导致艾滋病毒/艾滋病传播的性行为。因此，对印度不断增长的男性盈余和女性赤字的家庭和健康后果的了解更多是一个重要的科学目标。