Racial and Ethnic Patterns of Residential Mobility

本提案概述了一项研究计划，旨在研究美国不同类型社区之间的种族和民族居住流动模式。该提案有两个主要组成部分。第一个目标是研究1968年至1997年间黑人和白人在贫困和非贫困社区之间、在中心城市和郊区之间、在以黑人为主、种族混合和以白人为主的社区之间流动的模式和决定因素的趋势。第二个目标是探索1990年至1997年期间美国拉丁裔社区间居住流动的模式和决定因素，特别关注本地出生和外国出生的墨西哥裔、波多黎各裔和古巴裔人口之间的差异，以及这些群体在同一时期的居住流动经历如何彼此不同，以及与非西班牙裔白人和非洲裔美国人的不同。为了实现第一个目标，该项目利用了来自收入动态小组研究（PSID）的超过25年的个人纵向数据，并结合了1970年、1980年和1990年的人口普查数据，这些数据描述了PSID受访者居住的社区的社会、经济和人口特征。第二个目标是利用最近形成的具有全国代表性的拉丁裔PSID样本，该样本于1990年启动，以前瞻性地（也是第一次）追踪移民和本土出生的墨西哥裔美国人、波多黎各人和古巴裔家庭的居住流动经历。该项目有望阐明黑人和白人之间居住隔离变化的直接来源，促进我们对使家庭逃离贫困社区的过程的理解，并增强我们对美国社会中移民和少数群体的空间同化的认识。

This proposal outlines a program of research designed to examine racial and ethnic patterns of residential mobility between different types of neighborhoods in the United States. The proposal has two main components. The first objective is to examine trends between 1968 and 1997 in the patterns and determinants of black and white residential mobility between poor and nonpoor neighborhoods, between central cities and suburbs, and between predominantly black, racially-mixed, and predominantly white neighborhoods. The second goal is to explore the patterns and determinants of inter-neighborhood residential mobility among U.S. Latinos for the period 1990 to 1997, with a particular focus on differences between and among native-born and foreign-born Mexican-origin, Puerto-Rican-origin, and Cuban- origin populations, and how the residential mobility experiences of these groups differ from each other and from those of non- Hispanic whites and African Americans over the same time period. For the first aim, the project makes use of over a quarter- century of individual-level longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), in conjunction with 1970, 1980, and 1990 census data describing the social, economic, and demographic characteristics of the neighborhoods inhabited by the PSID respondents. The second objective makes use of the recently-formed nationally-representative Latino sample of the PSID, which was initiated in 1990, to trace prospectively-and for the first time-the residential mobility experiences of immigrant and native-born Mexican-American, Puerto Rican, and Cuban-origin households. The project holds promise for illuminating the proximate sources of change in residential segregation between blacks and whites, for facilitating our understanding of the processes that enable families to escape poor neighborhoods, and for enhancing our knowledge of the spatial assimilation of immigrant and minority groups in American society.