Personality, Health, and Transitions in Later Life

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究由一个多学科研究小组提出，他们在人格、衰老和流行病学研究方面具有丰富的经验，将是第一个关于人格病理学在晚年的稳定性和影响的前瞻性纵向研究。它将研究人格特质，人格障碍，健康和社会适应之间的联系，在55岁至64岁之间的人的治疗样本-那些接近晚年生活的挑战。它将确定人格和人格障碍影响成功适应重要生活转变的能力的程度。疾病分类学的比较将在两种不同的方法之间进行人格病理学的定义：DSM-IV和人格的五因素模型中的方法。也将考虑到增量的有效性的线人报告（相对于自我报告的措施）的正常和病理人格特质在预测调整问题。将使用随机数字拨号识别和招募居住在圣路易斯地区的成年人的代表性样本（n= 1，500）。所有参与者完成的基线评估将包括半结构化诊断访谈（SIDP-IV）和两份问卷，MAPP和NEO-PI-R。每个目标（通常是配偶）的一个线人也将完成MAPP和NEO-PI-R来描述参与者的个性。将使用C-DIS筛选模块评估I轴障碍，包括情绪、焦虑和物质使用障碍。大约15%至20%的样本预计将表现出人格障碍的显着特征，广泛定义。纵向设计将包括人格和人格障碍的定期随访评估，间隔2年。将每6个月完成一次社会功能和婚姻适应以及身心健康（包括抑郁症）的随访评估。我们还将监测重大生活事件和过渡的发生。该项目的数据将填补目前关于人格障碍的稳定性和过程的知识的重要空白，并阐明其对健康和社会适应的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study, proposed by a multidisciplinary team of investigators who have substantial experience in personality, aging, and epidemiological studies, will be the first prospective, longitudinal study of the stability and impact of personality pathology in later life. It will examine connections among personality traits, personality disorders, health, and social adjustment in an out-of-treatment sample of persons between the ages of 55 and 64-those approaching the challenges of later life. It will identify the extent to which personality and personality disorders influence the ability to adapt successfully to important life transitions. Nosological comparisons will be made between two different approaches to the definition of personality pathology: the approach represented in DSM-IV and the Five Factor Model of personality. Consideration will also be given to the incremental validity of informant reports (relative to self-report measures) of normal and pathological personality traits in predicting adjustment problems. A representative sample of adults living in the St. Louis area (n=1,500) will be identified and recruited using random digit dialing. Baseline assessments to be completed by all participants will include a semi-structured diagnostic interview (SIDP-IV) and two questionnaires, the MAPP, and the NEO-PI-R. One informant per target (most often a spouse) will also complete the MAPP and NEO-PI-R to describe the participant's personality. Axis I disorders will be assessed using C-DIS screening modules for mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Approximately 15 to 20% of this sample is expected to exhibit significant features of personality disorders, broadly defined. A longitudinal design will include follow-up assessments of personality and personality disorders at regular, 2-year intervals. Follow-up assessments of social functioning and marital adjustment as well as physical and mental health (including depression) will be completed every 6 months. We will also monitor the occurrence of major life events and transitions. Data from this project will fill an important gap in current knowledge regarding the stability and course of personality disorders and elucidate their impact on health and social adjustment over the lifespan.