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Peer Assessment of Personality Traits and Pathology

人格特质和病理学的同伴评估

基本信息

批准号：
6878639
负责人：
Thomas Oltmanns
金额：
$ 42.48万
依托单位：
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1996-09-30 至 2007-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study will examine the construct validity of personality disorders (PDs) by combining methods developed for studying the social psychology of person perception with laboratory performance measures, structured interviews, and real world data regarding social and occupational functioning. Current knowledge regarding PDs relies almost exclusively on self-report measures (questionnaires and interviews). Unfortunately, people with PDs are frequently unable to view themselves realistically and unaware of the effect their behavior has on other people. Our study compares information regarding pathological personality traits from self-report measures with peer nominations made by people who are well-acquainted with each other. Participants are groups of men and women who completed basic military training together (2,100 Air Force recruits) or who have lived together in a college dormitory (1,200 first-year students). We have shown that peer judgments regarding pathological traits are reliable and valid and that our sample includes a substantial number of people who meet DSM-IV criteria for at least one PD. We have also found that correlations between self-report and peer-report measures range from .20 to .30. In the next five years, we will pursue these findings to compare the validity of self-report and peer-based measures. Our extensive data set will also be used to examine related issues such as gender bias in diagnostic criterion sets. Follow-up information will be collected using electronic personnel databases (for AF recruits) and performance on laboratory tasks (for college students). These data will allow us to evaluate the impact of pathological personality traits on functional outcomes in people's lives. We will also develop assessment procedures that can be used to supplement traditional self-report instruments.

本研究将检验人格的结构效度疾病（PD）的研究方法相结合的社会心理学的人的知觉与实验室性能的措施，结构化访谈和真实的世界数据，功能目前关于PD的知识几乎完全依赖于自我报告措施（问卷和访谈）。可惜人们患有PD的人往往无法现实地看待自己，他们的行为对他人的影响我们的研究比较了关于病理性人格特质从自我报告的措施与同伴由彼此熟悉的人提名。参加者是完成基本军事训练的男女团体一起（2,100名空军新兵）或在大学里住在一起的人宿舍（1，200名一年级学生）。我们已经证明，关于病理特征是可靠和有效的，我们的样本包括大量符合DSM-IV标准的人，一个PD。我们还发现，自我报告和同行报告的衡量标准从0.20到0.30不等。未来五年，我们将追求这些发现，比较自我报告和同伴为基础的有效性措施我们广泛的数据集也将用于研究相关问题例如诊断标准中的性别偏见。后续情况将使用电子人事数据库收集（空军新兵），实验室任务（大学生）。这些数据将允许我们评估病理性人格特质对功能性人格的影响。人们生活中的结果。我们还将制定评估程序，可用于补充传统的自我报告工具。