Role of variation in the developmental acquisition, and the adult plasticity, of

变异在发育习得和成年可塑性中的作用

• 批准号: 8141347
• 负责人: STEPHEN G LISBERGER
• 金额: $ 19.83万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8141347
• 关键词: Accounting; Acetylcholine; Acoustics; Address; Adult; Animals; Area; Auditory; Auditory area; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Categories; Cell Nucleus; Code; Cognitive; Communication; Complex; Development; Dopamine; Effectiveness; Electric Stimulation; Face; Force of Gravity; Frequencies; Goals; Human; Individual; Investments; Laboratories; Lead; Learning; Maintenance; Mediating; Modeling; Neonatal; Neurologic; Neurons; Noise; Norepinephrine; Operant Conditioning; Population; Probability; Rattus; Rewards; Role; Serotonin; Simulate; Speech; Speech Acoustics; Stereotyping; Stimulus; System; Time; Training; Variant; auditory stimulus; critical period; design; improved; insight; memory process; neocortical; postnatal; relating to nervous system; research study; response; skill acquisition; skills; sound; stereotypy

Response variability is a fact of the brain. There can be dramatic differences in the responses of any given neuron, to any given stimulus, at different moments in time. Different neurons in any cortical area contributing to the representation of any given stimulus or action commonly have substantially different responses. Variations in distributed local, system, and brain-wide responses representing any given stimulus in any given behavioral context can differ radically in different individuals. At the same time, the brain operates with the maintenance of perceptual constancy, cognitive reliability, and learned-behavior stereotypy. How do we account for the robust behavioral representations of inputs and actions in the face of the marked response variability of their neurological representations? This project will address 3 issues. First, it will determine the basic consequences, for neurological response variability, of exposing neonatal rats across the critical period with stereotyped vs naturally variable complex acoustic (speech-like) stimulus sets. Second, it will determine whether or not and how systematically varying the modulatory inputs enabling learning-induced plasticity in adult brains contribute to distributed neuronal response variability and coordination, and to behavioral response variability, in an auditory stimulus recognition task. Third, it will investigate the relationships between variation in neuronal responses in the primary auditory cortex (A-1) and in "secondary" auditory cortical fields (PVAF; AAF; PAF;PPVAF), as a function of stimulus repertoire complexity, in trained adult rats. The long-term goal of this project is to determine how a neurological strategy of learning-driven abstraction and coordination can lead to new insights into how we can potentially revise learning strategies to improve their effectiveness and reliability for neuro-behaviorally impaired human populations.

反应的可变性是大脑的一个事实。不同的人的反应可能有很大的差异， 任何给定的神经元，任何给定的刺激，在不同的时刻。不同的神经元 对任何给定刺激或动作的表征有贡献的皮层区域通常具有 有很大不同的反应。分布的局部、系统和全脑反应的变化 在任何给定的行为背景下代表任何给定的刺激在不同的环境中可能会有根本的不同 个体与此同时，大脑的运作保持着知觉的恒定性， 认知可靠性和习得行为刻板性。我们如何解释强大的行为 面对输入和动作的显著响应变化， 神经表征该项目将解决三个问题。首先，它将确定基本的 结果，神经反应变异性，暴露新生大鼠在关键 具有刻板与自然可变的复杂声学（类语音）刺激集的时期。第二、 它将确定是否以及如何系统地改变调制输入， 成人大脑中学习诱导的可塑性有助于分布的神经元反应变异性， 协调，和行为反应的变异性，在听觉刺激识别任务。第三、 它将研究初级听觉神经元反应的变化之间的关系， 皮层（A-1）和“次级”听觉皮层场（PVAF; AAF; PAF;PPVAF），作为 刺激库的复杂性，在训练的成年大鼠。该项目的长期目标是 确定学习驱动的抽象和协调的神经策略如何导致 关于我们如何潜在地修改学习策略以提高其有效性的新见解 和可靠性。