Role of neural variation in smooth pursuit eye movements

神经变异在平滑追踪眼球运动中的作用

• 批准号: 8141342
• 负责人: STEPHEN G LISBERGER
• 金额: $ 17.62万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8141342
• 关键词: Agreement; Area; Attention; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Models; Brain; Brain Stem; Cerebellum; Cerebral cortex; Code; Collaborations; Complex; Eye; Eye Movements; Funding Agency; Generations; Goals; Human; Knowledge; Laboratories; Learning; Link; Literature; Measures; Monkeys; Motion; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Neurons; Neurosciences Research; Output; Parietal; Pathway interactions; Phase; Play; Population; Process; Research; Residual state; Rewards; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Site; Smooth Pursuit; Speed; System; Systems Analysis; Testing; Time; Variant; Visual; Work; area MT; base; driving behavior; expectation; extrastriate visual cortex; eye velocity; falls; frontal eye fields; frontal lobe; interest; motor learning; neural circuit; neuromechanism; nonhuman primate; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory cortex; tool; visual feedback; working group

Smooth pursuit eye movements are a well-understood behavior with a known neural substrate. Pursuit is generated when a target moves smoothly. It depends on a traditional cortical-cerebellar circuit with inputs from sensory cortex, processing in parietal sensory-motor areas, and motor commands from a frontal motor area. Outputs from the cerebral cortex interact with cerebro-cerebellar circuits and cerebro-basal ganglia circuits to generate motor commands. Much is known about the mean responses of neurons in these areas and how they contribute to the generation of the average pursuit movement. However, the analysis of variation in neural codes and pursuit behavior opens a new vista. The sensory input for pursuit is highly variable, yet the behavior itself is remarkably precise. The presence and ease of quantifying variation in the neural signals and the behavior offers the opportunity to ask where neural variation falls on the continuum from being a negative, neutral, or positive component of the neural generation of behavior. This project will focus on the frontal pursuit area (FPA), near the saccadic frontal eye fields and will ask 3 questions that are tightly linked to the aims of the Conte Center for Neuroscience Research. First, it will ask how much the neural code in the FPA varies and what fractions of the variance are 1) related to the behavior and 2) "residual", unrelated to the behavior. How do these fractions vary over the different phases of a pursuit movement? Second, it will use differential reward and penalty to modulate the distribution of behavioral variation and explore how that variation is effected by changes in the neural variation in the FPA. Third, it will explore neural variation in the FPA during the instructional period for visually-guided learning in pursuit, and during the subsequent expression of learning. The research in this project will contribute to the overall goals of the CCNR by providing an exemplar behavior where narrowly defined, quantitative questions can be answered about the specific roles of neural variation in a tightly controlled and well-understood behavior. In addition, an understanding of how the frontal cortex controls pursuit may help us to understand why schizophrenics have such profound deficits in smooth pursuit eye movements.

平稳的追捕眼动运动是一种已知的神经底物的精心理解的行为。追求是 当目标平稳移动时会产生。这取决于带有输入的传统皮质核电路 从感觉皮层，在顶感官运动区域进行处理以及额叶电动机的电动机命令 区域。大脑皮层的输出与大脑 - 脑电路相互作用和小脑 - 巴萨神经节 电路生成电动机命令。关于这些领域神经元的平均反应知之甚少 以及它们如何促进平均追求运动的产生。但是，分析 神经法规和追求行为的变化开辟了新的远景。追求的感官输入很高 可变，但是行为本身非常精确。量化变化的存在和易于 神经信号和行为提供了询问神经变异在何处的机会 从神经产生行为的阴性，中性或积极成分。这个项目将 专注于额叶额叶额叶眼球田（FPA）（FPA），并将提出3个问题 与孔戴神经科学研究中心的目标紧密相关。首先，它会问多少 FPA中的神经代码各不相同，方差的哪些分数是1）与行为相关的，2） “残留”，与行为无关。这些分数在追求的不同阶段如何变化 移动？其次，它将使用差异奖励和罚款来调节行为的分布 变异并探索该变异是如何通过FPA神经变异变化影响的。第三，它 将在教学期间探索FPA的神经变化 以及随后的学习表达。该项目的研究将有助于整体 CCNR的目标通过提供范围定义的示例性行为，可以是定量的问题 回答了神经变异在严格控制和良好理解的行为中的特定作用。在 此外，了解额叶皮层控制方法如何帮助我们了解为什么 精神分裂症患者在平稳的追捕眼运动方面存在如此深刻的缺陷。