Neuro-oscillations, sensation and neurocognition

感觉处理缺陷是精神分裂症的关键组成部分。本项目利用灵长类动物 模型来研究认知功能和功能障碍的潜在机制。我们和其他人 最近已经证明，神经元振荡是必不可少的组成部分或“工具”， 大脑运作，神经振荡节奏是以分层的方式组织的， θ波段振幅耦合到δ振荡相位，γ波段振幅耦合到 θ振荡相位当系统处于“静止”状态时，这种层次结构是显而易见的， 也是动态的，并且可以通过诸如注意力之类的主动认知操作来明显地改变。分层 交叉频率耦合允许感官处理的优化，并介导 在感觉系统内和感觉系统之间的注意力。本项目将调查各种机制 在接受过以下训练的猴子中使用颅内记录进行潜在的振荡夹带： intermodal和intramodal注意力任务。每年研究一只猴。将猴 植入以允许颅内记录和培训适当的行为任务。录音 然后将从感觉皮层中获得，以响应有人注意的刺激和无人注意的刺激， 将评估感觉处理的注意力调节机制。主要分析 将在频域中进行，特别强调机械作用， 感觉注意调制中的振荡相位操纵和交叉频率耦合 处理.最后，将评估NMDA拮抗剂对局部过程的影响， 注意力调节使用局灶性皮质内灌注技术，允许评估 在精神分裂症中观察到的NMDA操作再现功能障碍模式的程度。 相关性（参见说明）： 精神分裂症是一种严重的精神障碍。神经认知功能障碍是 精神分裂症和长期预后不良的主要决定因素。该项目是一个中心的一部分 应用于确定精神分裂症神经认知功能障碍的脑机制 特别强调感觉处理功能障碍。这个项目将研究基本的感官 灵长类动物模型中的处理机制，以协助开发新的生物学 精神分裂症的评估和干预方法。

Sensory processing deficits are a key component of schizophrenia. This Project utilizes a primate model to investigate mechanisms underlying cognitive function and dysfunction. We and others have recently demonstrated that neuronal oscillations are essential components or "Instruments" of brain operation, and that neural oscillatory rhythms are organized In a hierarchical fashion, with theta band amplitude coupled to delta oscillation phase, and gamma band amplitude coupled to theta oscillation phase. While this hierarchical organization is evident when the system Is at "rest," it is also dynamic, and clearly modifiable by active cognitive operations such as attention. Hierarchical cross frequency coupling permits optimization of sensory processing and mediates effects of attention both across and within sensory systems. This project will Investigate mechanisms underlying oscillatory entrainment using Intracranial recordings in monkeys trained to perform both intermodal and intramodal attention tasks. One monkey will be studied per year. Monkeys will be Implanted to permit Intracranial recording and training on appropriate behavioral tasks. Recordings will then be obtained from sensory cortex In response to attended vs. unattended stimuli and mechanisms of attentional modulation of sensory processing will be assessed. Principal analyses will be conducted In the frequency domain, with special emphasis on the mechanistic roles of oscillatory phase manipulation and cross-frequency coupling in attentional modulation of sensory processing. Finally, effects of NMDA antagonists will be evaluated on local processes underlying attentional modulation using focal intracortical Infusion techniques, permitting assessment of the degree to which NMDA manipulations reproduce patterns of dysfunction observed In schizophrenia. RELEVANCE (See instructions): Schizophrenia is a major mental disorder. Neurocognitive dysfunction Is a core component of schizophrenia and a major determinant of poor long-term outcome. This project is part of a Center application to determine brain mechanisms underlying neurocognitive dysfunction In schizophrenia with particular emphasis on sensory processing dysfunction. This project will study basic sensory processing mechanisms in primate models in order to assist in development of new biological assessment and Intervention approaches In schizophrenia.