Neuro-oscillations, sensation and neurocognition

感觉加工缺陷是精神分裂症的一个重要组成部分。该项目利用灵长类动物 模型来研究潜在的认知功能和功能障碍的机制。我们和其他人 最近证明了神经元振荡是 大脑操作，神经振荡节奏是以分层的方式组织的， 耦合到增量振荡相位的Theta带幅度和耦合到 Theta振荡阶段。虽然当系统处于“静止”状态时，这种分层组织是显而易见的，但它 也是动态的，而且明显可以被主动的认知操作所改变，比如注意力。分层次 交叉频率耦合允许感觉加工的优化，并调节 跨感官系统和在感官系统内的注意力。这个项目将调查机制 使用脑内记录对训练为同时进行这两种行为的猴子的潜在振荡夹带 通道间注意任务和通道内注意任务。每年将对一只猴子进行研究。猴子将会是 植入以允许在适当的行为任务中进行颅内记录和训练。录音 将从感觉皮质获得，以响应有人与无人注意的刺激，并 我们将对感觉加工的注意调节机制进行评估。主成分分析 将在频域中进行，特别强调 感觉注意调节中的振荡相位操纵和交叉频率耦合 正在处理。最后，将评估NMDA拮抗剂对潜在的局部过程的影响 使用局灶性皮质内灌注技术的注意力调制，允许评估 NMDA操作在多大程度上再现了在精神分裂症中观察到的功能障碍模式。 相关性(请参阅说明)： 精神分裂症是一种主要的精神障碍。神经认知功能障碍是 精神分裂症是长期预后不佳的主要决定因素。该项目是一个中心的一部分 应用于确定精神分裂症神经认知功能障碍的脑机制 特别强调感觉处理功能障碍。这个项目将研究基本的感官 灵长类动物模型中的处理机制，以帮助开发新的生物学 精神分裂症的评估和干预方法。

Sensory processing deficits are a key component of schizophrenia. This Project utilizes a primate model to investigate mechanisms underlying cognitive function and dysfunction. We and others have recently demonstrated that neuronal oscillations are essential components or "Instruments" of brain operation, and that neural oscillatory rhythms are organized In a hierarchical fashion, with theta band amplitude coupled to delta oscillation phase, and gamma band amplitude coupled to theta oscillation phase. While this hierarchical organization is evident when the system Is at "rest," it is also dynamic, and clearly modifiable by active cognitive operations such as attention. Hierarchical cross frequency coupling permits optimization of sensory processing and mediates effects of attention both across and within sensory systems. This project will Investigate mechanisms underlying oscillatory entrainment using Intracranial recordings in monkeys trained to perform both intermodal and intramodal attention tasks. One monkey will be studied per year. Monkeys will be Implanted to permit Intracranial recording and training on appropriate behavioral tasks. Recordings will then be obtained from sensory cortex In response to attended vs. unattended stimuli and mechanisms of attentional modulation of sensory processing will be assessed. Principal analyses will be conducted In the frequency domain, with special emphasis on the mechanistic roles of oscillatory phase manipulation and cross-frequency coupling in attentional modulation of sensory processing. Finally, effects of NMDA antagonists will be evaluated on local processes underlying attentional modulation using focal intracortical Infusion techniques, permitting assessment of the degree to which NMDA manipulations reproduce patterns of dysfunction observed In schizophrenia. RELEVANCE (See instructions): Schizophrenia is a major mental disorder. Neurocognitive dysfunction Is a core component of schizophrenia and a major determinant of poor long-term outcome. This project is part of a Center application to determine brain mechanisms underlying neurocognitive dysfunction In schizophrenia with particular emphasis on sensory processing dysfunction. This project will study basic sensory processing mechanisms in primate models in order to assist in development of new biological assessment and Intervention approaches In schizophrenia.