Combining bioavailability assays with modeling to predict PCBs in fish after reme

将生物利用度测定与建模相结合来预测修复后鱼类中的 PCB

• 批准号: 8230160
• 负责人: Upal Ghosh
• 金额: $ 30.21万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-21 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8230160
• 关键词: Amendment; Biological Assay; Biological Availability; Carbon; Clams; Decision Making; Development; Devices; Diffusion; Ecosystem; Effectiveness; Equilibrium; Exposure to; Fishes; Fluorescence Microscopy; Food Webs; Health; Human; In Situ; Invertebrates; Kinetics; Laboratories; Lead; Link; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; Nature; Organism; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pesticides; Poison; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Risk; Rivers; Sampling; Science; Sectioning technique; Site; Superfund; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Translations; Water; Work; base; bioaccumulation; delrin; improved; interest; mathematical model; remediation; research study; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Ecological and human health impacts of bioaccumulative contaminants like PCBs are primarily manifested through accumulation of the toxic compounds in higher trophic level organisms like fish that are consumed by humans and top predators in the ecosystem. However, changes in fish are slow to manifest as a consequence of a remedial action and often one has to wait for several years to see such change. To make timely assessments of remediation progress, one alternative is to perform appropriate measurements that indicate changes in key pathways of exposure to fish. Although some advances have been made recently to assess porewater concentrations using passive sampling techniques which respond more rapidly to in-situ remedies, relationship of such measures to accumulation is fish has not been demonstrated. Also, there is a major gap in the development and utilization of fate and biouptake models that can use passive sampling measurements and quantitatively link those measurements to uptake pathways and predict eventual changes in fish concentrations. This proposed research project will refine sampling methods to assess PCB uptake pathways and work with practitioners to incorporate such measures into PCB fate and biouptake models to assess changes in fish concentration over time, and validate the approach through controlled laboratory exposure studies and measurements in the field. The three primary aims of this project are: Specific aim 1: Develop the fundamental basis of passive sampling. This research will use advanced fluorescence microscopy, IR microspectroscopy, and sectioning techniques to directly measure the diffusion of organic molecules in commonly used passive sampler materials (polyethylene, polyoxymethylene, and PDMS). This effort will lead to the selection and use of appropriate polymeric materials for passive equilibrium sampling with much greater confidence about the nature of equilibrium achieved during the exposure period. Specific aim 2: Use passive sampling to measure bioavailability processes and uptake in fish. This research aim will evaluate how sediments amended with activated carbon sorbents in the field impact PCB biouptake in two types of fish through controlled laboratory mesocosm studies and compare with uptake in passive sampling devices developed under Aim 1. Specific aim 3: Incorporate passive sampling inputs to PCB fate and bioaccumulation model. A mathematical model will be developed and used to interpret results from: 1) the mesocosm exposure experiments, and 2) field observations from a PCB-impacted river site to explore the effect of activated carbon treatments on PCB accumulation in fish. Of particular interest is improving the accuracy of model predictions of the benefits of in-situ treatment with activated carbon aimed at reducing pore water concentrations and contaminant bioavailability. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This research will advance the assessment of remediation effectiveness at Superfund sediment sites through a combination of improving the science of passive sampling, experimentally establishing the link between passive sampling measurement and human health risk drivers such as contaminants in fish, and developing and testing contaminant fate and bioaccumulation models that can use passive sampling measurements for decision making. The teaming of academic researchers with a leading expert and field practitioner affords this project an unique practical perspective and natural translation of the outcome to end users.

描述（由申请人提供）：多氯联苯等生物累积性污染物对生态和人类健康的影响主要通过有毒化合物在生态系统中人类和顶级捕食者食用的鱼类等较高营养级生物体中的积累来体现。然而，由于补救措施，鱼类的变化是缓慢显现的，通常需要等待几年才能看到这种变化。为了及时评估修复进度，一种替代方法是进行适当的测量，以表明鱼类暴露的关键途径的变化。尽管最近在使用被动采样技术评估孔隙水浓度方面取得了一些进展，这种技术对原位补救措施的反应更快，但此类措施与鱼类积累的关系尚未得到证实。此外，在命运和生物吸收模型的开发和利用方面存在重大差距，这些模型可以使用被动采样测量并将这些测量与吸收途径定量联系起来并预测鱼类浓度的最终变化。该拟议研究项目将完善采样方法来评估 PCB 吸收途径，并与从业人员合作，将这些措施纳入 PCB 归宿和生物吸收模型中，以评估鱼类浓度随时间的变化，并通过受控实验室暴露研究和现场测量来验证该方法。该项目的三个主要目标是： 具体目标 1：开发被动采样的基本基础。这项研究将使用先进的荧光显微镜、红外显微光谱和切片技术来直接测量有机分子在常用被动采样器材料（聚乙烯、聚甲醛和 PDMS）中的扩散。这项努力将导致选择和使用适当的聚合物材料进行被动平衡采样，对暴露期间实现的平衡性质有更大的信心。具体目标 2：使用被动采样来测量鱼类的生物利用度过程和吸收。本研究目的将通过受控实验室中生态研究，评估现场用活性炭吸附剂修正的沉积物如何影响两种鱼类对 PCB 的生物吸收，并与目标 1 下开发的被动采样装置的吸收进行比较。具体目标 3：将被动采样输入纳入 PCB 归宿和生物累积模型。将开发一个数学模型并用于解释以下结果：1）中生态暴露实验，2）受 PCB 影响的河流地点的现场观察，以探索活性炭处理对鱼类 PCB 积累的影响。特别令人感兴趣的是提高模型预测活性炭原位处理益处的准确性，旨在降低孔隙水浓度和污染物生物利用度。 公共健康相关性：这项研究将通过改进被动采样科学、通过实验建立被动采样测量与人类健康风险驱动因素（例如鱼类污染物）之间的联系以及开发和测试可使用被动采样测量进行决策的污染物归宿和生物累积模型，推进对超级基金沉积物场地修复效果的评估。学术研究人员与领先专家和现场从业者的合作为该项目提供了独特的实践视角，并将结果自然地转化为最终用户。