Combining bioavailability assays with modeling to predict PCBs in fish after reme

结合生物利用度测定和建模来预测修复后鱼类中的多氯联苯 项目摘要 多氯联苯等生物累积性污染物对生态和人类健康的影响主要是 表现为有毒化合物在较高营养水平的生物如鱼类中的积累， 被人类和生态系统中的顶级掠食者所消耗。然而，鱼类的变化缓慢， 这是补救行动的结果，人们往往要等几年才能看到这种情况。 变化为了及时评估补救进展，一种替代方法是进行适当的 这些测量表明鱼类接触的主要途径发生了变化。尽管一些进步 最近，使用被动采样技术评估孔隙水浓度， 更迅速地就地补救，这种措施的关系，积累是鱼还没有 演示。此外，在开发和利用归宿和生物摄取模型方面存在重大差距 可以使用被动采样测量，并将这些测量与摄取定量联系起来， 途径，并预测鱼类浓度的最终变化。该研究项目将完善 评估多氯联苯吸收途径的抽样方法，并与从业人员合作， 测量PCB命运和生物组模型，以评估鱼类浓度随时间的变化，以及 通过受控的实验室接触研究和实地测量来验证这一方法。的 该项目的三个主要目标是： 具体目标1：奠定被动采样的基本基础。这项研究将使用先进的 荧光显微镜、红外显微光谱和切片技术，以直接测量 有机分子在常用的被动取样器材料（聚乙烯， 聚甲醛和PDMS）。这一努力将导致选择和使用适当的聚合物 被动平衡取样的材料，对平衡的性质有更大的信心 在曝光期间。 具体目标2：使用被动采样来测量生物利用度过程和鱼类的吸收情况。这 研究目的是评估如何沉积物与活性炭吸附剂修正在外地的影响 通过受控实验室围隔生态系统研究， 根据目标1开发的被动采样装置的吸收量。 具体目标3：将被动采样输入纳入多氯联苯归宿和生物累积模型。一 将建立数学模型，并用于解释以下结果：1）围隔生态系统暴露 实验，和2）从多氯联苯影响的河流现场实地观察，以探索活化的影响， 碳处理对鱼体内PCB积累的影响特别感兴趣的是提高模型的准确性 活性炭原位处理减少孔隙水的效益预测 浓度和污染物生物利用度。

Title: Combining bioavailability assays with modeling to predict PCBs in fish after remediation Project summary Ecological and human health impacts of bioaccumulative contaminants like PCBs are primarily manifested through accumulation of the toxic compounds in higher trophic level organisms like fish that are consumed by humans and top predators in the ecosystem. However, changes in fish are slow to manifest as a consequence of a remedial action and often one has to wait for several years to see such change. To make timely assessments of remediation progress, one alternative is to perform appropriate measurements that indicate changes in key pathways of exposure to fish. Although some advances have been made recently to assess porewater concentrations using passive sampling techniques which respond more rapidly to in-situ remedies, relationship of such measures to accumulation is fish has not been demonstrated. Also, there is a major gap in the development and utilization of fate and biouptake models that can use passive sampling measurements and quantitatively link those measurements to uptake pathways and predict eventual changes in fish concentrations. This proposed research project will refine sampling methods to assess PCB uptake pathways and work with practitioners to incorporate such measures into PCB fate and biouptake models to assess changes in fish concentration over time, and validate the approach through controlled laboratory exposure studies and measurements in the field. The three primary aims of this project are: Specific aim 1: Develop the fundamental basis of passive sampling. This research will use advanced fluorescence microscopy, IR microspectroscopy, and sectioning techniques to directly measure the diffusion of organic molecules in commonly used passive sampler materials (polyethylene, polyoxymethylene, and PDMS). This effort will lead to the selection and use of appropriate polymeric materials for passive equilibrium sampling with much greater confidence about the nature of equilibrium achieved during the exposure period. Specific aim 2: Use passive sampling to measure bioavailability processes and uptake in fish. This research aim will evaluate how sediments amended with activated carbon sorbents in the field impact PCB biouptake in two types of fish through controlled laboratory mesocosm studies and compare with uptake in passive sampling devices developed under Aim 1. Specific aim 3: Incorporate passive sampling inputs to PCB fate and bioaccumulation model. A mathematical model will be developed and used to interpret results from: 1) the mesocosm exposure experiments, and 2) field observations from a PCB-impacted river site to explore the effect of activated carbon treatments on PCB accumulation in fish. Of particular interest is improving the accuracy of model predictions of the benefits of in-situ treatment with activated carbon aimed at reducing pore water concentrations and contaminant bioavailability.