Combining bioavailability assays with modeling to predict PCBs in fish after reme

标题：结合生物利用度分析和模型预测修复后鱼类中的多氯联苯 项目总结 多氯联苯等生物累积污染物对生态和人类健康的影响主要是 表现为有毒化合物在营养级别较高的生物体中积累，如鱼类 被人类和生态系统中的顶级捕食者消耗。然而，鱼类的变化是缓慢的 表现为补救行动的结果，通常要等几年才能看到这样的情况 变化。要及时评估补救进展，一种替代方法是执行适当的 表明接触鱼类的关键途径发生变化的测量结果。尽管有一些进步 最近做出了使用被动采样技术来评估孔隙水浓度的研究，该技术对 更快地就地补救，这种措施的关系是鱼的积累还没有得到 演示了。此外，在命运模型和Biouptake模型的开发和利用方面也存在很大差距 可以使用被动采样测量，并将这些测量与摄取定量地联系起来 并预测鱼类密度的最终变化。这项拟议的研究项目将完善 评估多氯联苯吸收途径的抽样方法，并与从业者合作纳入 测量多氯联苯的去向和生物产量模型，以评估鱼类浓度随时间的变化，以及 通过受控的实验室暴露研究和现场测量来验证该方法。这个 该项目的三个主要目标是： 具体目标1：发展被动抽样的基本基础。这项研究将使用先进的 荧光显微镜、红外显微光谱和切片技术，以直接测量 有机分子在常用无源取样器材料(聚乙烯， 聚甲醛和聚二甲基硅氧烷)。这一努力将导致选择和使用适当的聚合物 对平衡性质有更大信心的被动平衡取样材料 在曝光期内取得的成绩。 具体目标2：使用被动采样来测量鱼类的生物利用度过程和摄取。这 研究目的将评估现场使用活性碳吸附剂修改的沉积物如何影响 两种鱼对多氯联苯生物吸收的室内对照研究及比较 在目标1下开发的被动采样设备的摄取。 具体目标3：将被动采样输入纳入多氯联苯的归宿和生物积累模型。一个 将开发数学模型并用于解释来自以下方面的结果：1)中尺度暴露 实验，以及2)从多氯联苯影响的河流现场观察，以探索激活的影响 碳处理对鱼类体内多氯联苯积累的影响。尤其值得关注的是提高模型的准确性 以减少孔隙水为目标的活性碳原位处理的益处预测 浓度和污染物的生物利用度。

Title: Combining bioavailability assays with modeling to predict PCBs in fish after remediation Project summary Ecological and human health impacts of bioaccumulative contaminants like PCBs are primarily manifested through accumulation of the toxic compounds in higher trophic level organisms like fish that are consumed by humans and top predators in the ecosystem. However, changes in fish are slow to manifest as a consequence of a remedial action and often one has to wait for several years to see such change. To make timely assessments of remediation progress, one alternative is to perform appropriate measurements that indicate changes in key pathways of exposure to fish. Although some advances have been made recently to assess porewater concentrations using passive sampling techniques which respond more rapidly to in-situ remedies, relationship of such measures to accumulation is fish has not been demonstrated. Also, there is a major gap in the development and utilization of fate and biouptake models that can use passive sampling measurements and quantitatively link those measurements to uptake pathways and predict eventual changes in fish concentrations. This proposed research project will refine sampling methods to assess PCB uptake pathways and work with practitioners to incorporate such measures into PCB fate and biouptake models to assess changes in fish concentration over time, and validate the approach through controlled laboratory exposure studies and measurements in the field. The three primary aims of this project are: Specific aim 1: Develop the fundamental basis of passive sampling. This research will use advanced fluorescence microscopy, IR microspectroscopy, and sectioning techniques to directly measure the diffusion of organic molecules in commonly used passive sampler materials (polyethylene, polyoxymethylene, and PDMS). This effort will lead to the selection and use of appropriate polymeric materials for passive equilibrium sampling with much greater confidence about the nature of equilibrium achieved during the exposure period. Specific aim 2: Use passive sampling to measure bioavailability processes and uptake in fish. This research aim will evaluate how sediments amended with activated carbon sorbents in the field impact PCB biouptake in two types of fish through controlled laboratory mesocosm studies and compare with uptake in passive sampling devices developed under Aim 1. Specific aim 3: Incorporate passive sampling inputs to PCB fate and bioaccumulation model. A mathematical model will be developed and used to interpret results from: 1) the mesocosm exposure experiments, and 2) field observations from a PCB-impacted river site to explore the effect of activated carbon treatments on PCB accumulation in fish. Of particular interest is improving the accuracy of model predictions of the benefits of in-situ treatment with activated carbon aimed at reducing pore water concentrations and contaminant bioavailability.