Leveraging the chemo-physical interaction of halorespiring bacteria with solid surfaces to enhance halogenated organic compounds bioremediation

利用嗜盐细菌与固体表面的化学物理相互作用来增强卤化有机化合物的生物修复

• 批准号: 10369017
• 负责人: Upal Ghosh
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-03-10 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10369017
• 关键词: Adsorption; Area; Attenuated; Bacteria; Behavior; Biodegradation; Bioremediations; Carbon; Carbon Black; Characteristics; Chemicals; Coal; Collaborations; Consult; Coupled; Data; Development; Diffusion; Electric Conductivity; Engineering; Environment; Environmental Engineering technology; Growth; Hydrophobicity; Individual; Injections; Interdisciplinary Study; Investigation; Kinetics; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Learning; Life Cycle Stages; Metabolic Biotransformation; Microscopy; Modeling; Natural graphite; Organism; Oxidants; Partition Coefficient; Performance; Plants; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Population; Process; Property; Reaction; Research; Role; Silicon Dioxide; Site; Solid; Sorting - Cell Movement; Source; Surface; Technology; Testing; anthropogenesis; base; chemical property; contaminated sediment; dechlorination; dehalogenation; design; effectiveness evaluation; engineering design; environmental chemical; experimental study; field study; geochemistry; ground water; improved; innovation; laboratory experiment; mass flux; materials science; mathematical model; microbial; microbial community; microorganism; microorganism interaction; models and simulation; multidisciplinary; new technology; particle; physical property; pollutant; remediation; superfund site; synergism; transmission process

PROJECT SUMMARY There is a lack of fundamental understanding on how microbial breakdown of chlorinated organic compounds is influenced by the presence of sorptive surfaces. Several laboratory and field studies have demonstrated a synergy between sorptive materials and microorganisms leading to the development of material aided delivery of bioamendments in both groundwater and sediment applications. However, a mechanistic understanding of the relationship between sorptive surfaces and microbial dechlorination is lacking. To fill this critical knowledge gap, this research team of chemical/environmental engineers and microbiologists will investigate the fundamental mechanism of microbial dechlorination of chlorinated organics on sorptive surfaces and develop quantitative models that allow optimization and engineering scaleup of enhanced bioremediation aided by materials engineering. Improved understanding will allow better prediction of the degradation of sorbed chemicals in the environment and enable optimization of material science aided technologies for the delivery of biodegradation technologies. The project will target chlorinated organics ranging from less hydrophobic compounds like chloroethenes typically associated with groundwater and strongly hydrophobic compounds such as PCBs typically associated with sediments. These pollutants will be investigated individually as well as in mixtures that are commonly encountered at Superfund sites. A set of carbon-based sorbent materials will be produced in the laboratory to provide a range of physical and chemical properties. In addition to the lab synthesized materials, two most commonly used activated carbons (bituminous coal based, and coconut shell based) and graphite will be tested in parallel for comparison. Through systematic laboratory experiments, the physical and chemical properties (such as specific surface area, pore size distribution, electron accepting capacity, and carbon content) will be evaluated for influence on the sorption characteristics and synergy with biodegradation of chloroethenes and PCBs. Final material selection will also be guided by environmental sustainability considerations. Sorption and biokinetics data from the experimental studies with optimized materials will be synthesized into advanced site models to predict material behavior for field-scale remedial applications. Results from the modeling simulations will allow for optimization of the engineering design for pilot and full-scale applications at contaminated groundwater and sediment Superfund sites. This platform of combining tailored materials with biodegradation will be adaptable for targeting other pollutant mixtures.

项目摘要 人们对微生物如何分解氯化物缺乏基本的了解， 有机化合物受到吸附表面的影响。几个实验室和 实地研究已经证明了吸附材料和微生物之间的协同作用 导致开发物质辅助输送地下水和地下水中的生物改良剂 和沉积物应用。然而，机械地理解 缺乏吸附表面和微生物脱氯。为了填补这一关键的知识空白， 由化学/环境工程师和微生物学家组成的研究小组将调查 氯代有机物在吸附表面上微生物脱氯的基本机理 并开发定量模型，使优化和工程规模的增强 材料工程辅助的生物修复。更好的理解将使 预测环境中吸附的化学品的降解， 生物降解技术的材料科学辅助技术。 该项目将针对氯化有机物，从疏水性较低的化合物， 氯乙烯通常与地下水和强疏水化合物， 因为多氯联苯通常与沉积物有关。这些污染物将被单独调查 以及在超级基金场所经常遇到的混合物中。一套碳基 吸附剂材料将在实验室生产，以提供一系列的物理和化学 特性.除了实验室合成的材料外，两种最常用的活化材料 碳（烟煤基和椰子壳基）和石墨将平行测试 以供比较。通过系统的实验室实验， 性能（如比表面积、孔径分布、电子接受能力和 碳含量）对吸附特性的影响以及与 氯乙烯和多氯联苯的生物降解。最终材料选择也将遵循 环境可持续性考虑。吸附和生物平衡数据来自实验 使用优化材料的研究将被合成到先进的场地模型中， 现场规模补救应用的材料行为。模拟结果 将允许优化工程设计的试点和全面的应用， 被污染的地下水和沉积物超级基金场地。这个平台结合了量身定制的 具有生物降解性的材料将适用于靶向其它污染物混合物。