Physical mapping of Aedes aegypti genome

描述（由申请人提供）：蚊媒疾病对世界各地的公共卫生造成了毁灭性的影响。黄热病蚊子，即埃及伊蚊，是登革热病毒传播的主要全球媒介。由于其流行病学的重要性，伊蚊。埃及伊蚊是在遗传学、媒介-病原体相互作用和转基因研究等各个方面研究最多的蚊子之一。最近发表的伊蚊全基因组序列。埃及伊蚊刺激了媒介生物学和昆虫基因组学的研究。然而，缺乏高质量的基因组组装放置到染色体位置仍然是进一步研究进展的重大障碍。缺乏可读的多烯染色体使得这种蚊子的物理定位极具挑战性。目前的物理地图分辨率相对较低，包含约180个物理标记。只有三分之一的美国人。埃及伊蚊的超contig组装被分配到染色体上，但没有线性顺序和方向。我们最近发现，从4龄幼虫的影像盘中提取的早期中期染色体可以作为伊蚊物理定位的一个很好的来源。埃及伊蚊基因组有以下原因：染色体大，每张载玻片上有丝分裂期染色体数量多，单个染色体的条带模式可重复。这个项目的具体目标是1。建立Ae的细胞遗传学图谱。埃及伊蚊基于4龄幼虫影像盘的带状前期染色体。2. 将大约70%的基因组超contig组装到它们精确的染色体位置。这一发展项目将使Ae的细胞遗传学研究现代化。大大改善了目前埃及伊蚊基因组的碎片化组装。我们相信，高分辨率物理地图的可用性将加速与Ae的一些正在进行的项目的进展。并将进一步促进蚊子系统学、种群遗传学和昆虫比较基因组学的研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Mosquito-borne diseases have a devastating impact on public health around the world. The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is the primary global vector for dengue virus transmission. Because of its epidemiological importance, Ae. aegypti is one of the most intensively studied mosquitoes in various aspects of genetics, vector-pathogen interactions, and transgenic research. Recent publication of the complete genome sequence for Ae. aegypti has stimulated research in vector biology and insect genomics. However, a lack of high-quality genome assembly placement to chromosome position remains a significant impediment to further research progress. The absence of readable polytene chromosomes makes physical mapping for this mosquito extremely challenging. The current physical map has relatively low resolution and includes ~180 physical markers. Only a third of the Ae. aegypti supercontig assemblies has been assigned to chromosomes, but without linear orders and orientation. We have recently discovered that prometaphase chromosomes from imaginal discs of 4th instar larvae can be an excellent source for the physical mapping of the Ae. aegypti genome for the following reasons: large size of the chromosomes, high numbers of mitotic phase chromosomes on each slide preparation, and the reproducible banding pattern of the individual chromosomes. The specific aims for this project are to 1. Develop a cytogenetic map for Ae. aegypti based on banded prometaphase chromosomes from imaginal discs of 4th instar larvae. 2. Place about 70% of the genome supercontig assemblies to their precise chromosomal locations. This developmental project will modernize cytogenic research for Ae. aegypti and greatly improve the current fragmented genome assembly. We believe that the availability of a high-resolution physical map will accelerate progress in a number of ongoing projects with Ae. aegypti, as well as enhance vector biology and insect genomics overall, and will further stimulate research in mosquito systematics, population genetics, and insect comparative genomics. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Aedes aegypti is the primary global vector for dengue virus. Dengue is an emerging health threat throughout subtropical and tropical regions around the world. No vaccines or drug treatments are available; thus, disease prevention is largely based on efforts to control or avoid contact with infected mosquitoes. The proposed research will develop new genome tools that will greatly enhance the utility of the existing draft genome sequence assembly for Ae. aegypti and thereby facilitate application of advanced genome technologies for investigating and developing novel genetic control strategies for dengue transmission.