Physical mapping of Aedes aegypti genome

描述（由申请人提供）：蚊子传播的疾病对世界各地的公共卫生产生破坏性影响。黄热病蚊子，埃及伊蚊，是登革热病毒传播的主要全球载体。由于其流行病学的重要性，Ae。埃及伊蚊是在遗传学、病媒-病原体相互作用和转基因研究的各个方面得到最深入研究的蚊子之一。最近出版的完整基因组序列的Ae。埃及促进了媒介生物学和昆虫基因组学的研究。然而，缺乏高质量的基因组组装放置到染色体位置仍然是进一步研究进展的重大障碍。由于缺乏可读的多线染色体，这种蚊子的物理作图极具挑战性。目前的物理地图分辨率相对较低，包括约180个物理标记。只有三分之一的阿。埃及超重叠群组装体已被分配给染色体，但没有线性顺序和方向。我们最近发现，前中期染色体从4龄幼虫的成虫盘可以是一个很好的来源，为物理作图的Ae。由于以下原因，埃及人的基因组中存在大量的染色体：染色体尺寸大，每个载玻片制备物上的有丝分裂期染色体数量多，以及单个染色体的可再现带型。该项目的具体目标是1。绘制Ae的细胞遗传学图谱。埃及伊蚊基于4龄幼虫的成虫盘的带状前中期染色体。2.将约70%的基因组超重叠群组装体放置到其精确的染色体位置。这一发展项目将使Ae的细胞遗传学研究现代化。并极大地改善了目前的片段化基因组组装。我们相信，高分辨率物理地图的可用性将加速Ae正在进行的一些项目的进展。埃及伊蚊的研究，并全面加强病媒生物学和昆虫基因组学，还将进一步促进蚊子系统学、种群遗传学和昆虫比较基因组学方面的研究。 公共卫生相关性：埃及伊蚊是登革热病毒的主要全球传播媒介。登革热是一种新兴的健康威胁，遍布世界各地的亚热带和热带地区。没有可用的疫苗或药物治疗;因此，疾病预防主要基于控制或避免接触受感染的蚊子。拟议的研究将开发新的基因组工具，这将大大提高现有的基因组序列组装草图的实用性。埃及伊蚊，从而促进应用先进的基因组技术来调查和开发登革热传播的新的遗传控制策略。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Mosquito-borne diseases have a devastating impact on public health around the world. The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is the primary global vector for dengue virus transmission. Because of its epidemiological importance, Ae. aegypti is one of the most intensively studied mosquitoes in various aspects of genetics, vector-pathogen interactions, and transgenic research. Recent publication of the complete genome sequence for Ae. aegypti has stimulated research in vector biology and insect genomics. However, a lack of high-quality genome assembly placement to chromosome position remains a significant impediment to further research progress. The absence of readable polytene chromosomes makes physical mapping for this mosquito extremely challenging. The current physical map has relatively low resolution and includes ~180 physical markers. Only a third of the Ae. aegypti supercontig assemblies has been assigned to chromosomes, but without linear orders and orientation. We have recently discovered that prometaphase chromosomes from imaginal discs of 4th instar larvae can be an excellent source for the physical mapping of the Ae. aegypti genome for the following reasons: large size of the chromosomes, high numbers of mitotic phase chromosomes on each slide preparation, and the reproducible banding pattern of the individual chromosomes. The specific aims for this project are to 1. Develop a cytogenetic map for Ae. aegypti based on banded prometaphase chromosomes from imaginal discs of 4th instar larvae. 2. Place about 70% of the genome supercontig assemblies to their precise chromosomal locations. This developmental project will modernize cytogenic research for Ae. aegypti and greatly improve the current fragmented genome assembly. We believe that the availability of a high-resolution physical map will accelerate progress in a number of ongoing projects with Ae. aegypti, as well as enhance vector biology and insect genomics overall, and will further stimulate research in mosquito systematics, population genetics, and insect comparative genomics. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Aedes aegypti is the primary global vector for dengue virus. Dengue is an emerging health threat throughout subtropical and tropical regions around the world. No vaccines or drug treatments are available; thus, disease prevention is largely based on efforts to control or avoid contact with infected mosquitoes. The proposed research will develop new genome tools that will greatly enhance the utility of the existing draft genome sequence assembly for Ae. aegypti and thereby facilitate application of advanced genome technologies for investigating and developing novel genetic control strategies for dengue transmission.