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Requiring DUI offenders to install an interlock to reinstate: Effective?

要求酒驾罪犯安装联锁才能恢复：有效吗？

基本信息

批准号：
8068246
负责人：
ROBERT B VOAS
金额：
$ 22.65万
依托单位：
PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-05-01 至 2014-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8068246
关键词：
Adopted Alberta province Alcohol abuse Alcohols Automobile Driving Blood alcohol level measurement Breath Tests Canada Counseling Data Devices Driving While Intoxicated Drunk driving Effectiveness Evaluation Research Face Failure Florida Frequencies Funding Future Health Benefit Heavy Drinking Individual Injury Insurance Laws Left Length Licensing Measures Methods Monitor Mothers Motivation Motor Vehicles Nebraska New Mexico Penetration Policies Procedures Public Health Quebec Records Recovery Regulation Relative (related person)Reporting Request for Applications Research Research Institute Risk Risk-Taking Safety Site Statutes and Laws Suspension substance Suspensions System Technology Texas Time Washington authority base convict court drinking high risk ignition interlock device impaired driving performance insight meetings novel strategies offender payment pressure prevent programs public health relevance recidivism trafficking treatment program

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Vehicle alcohol interlock systems appear to provide a useful technology for reducing the recidivism of suspended driving-while-intoxicated (DWI) offenders. These devices prevent the starting of the vehicle if the driver has a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of .03 or higher. An extensive set of studies has demonstrated that interlocks are approximately 65% effective in reducing recidivism when installed on the vehicle of otherwise fully suspended DWI offenders. However, when given the option to install the interlock during a period when they would otherwise be fully suspended, only about 1 in 10 DWI offenders takes advantage of the opportunity to drive legally with the interlock. To increase offender motivation to install an interlock, some states are making it a requirement for reinstatement of the driver's license so that failure to install becomes a permanent barrier to driving legally. This application requests funds to extend a preliminary study of more than 82,000 DWI offenders who were convicted after the new law went into effect and sentenced to the Florida interlock program, which was among the first to adopt this procedure. Our preliminary study has indicated that making the interlock a prerequisite to reinstatement appears to increase the participation rate but delays implementation of the program. The study proposed in this R21 application will collect pre-law data in Florida to determine whether relative to the absence of such a law, requiring an interlock for reinstatement delays the reinstatement of all DWI offenders, users and nonusers, and whether it reduces overall statewide DWI recidivism. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Typically offered as an option for driving during part of the license suspension period, alcohol ignition interlocks have been shown to reduce the risk to the public of injury in a highway crash by substantially reducing the frequency of impaired driving by DWI offenders. This study will determine whether a new approach to interlocks-requiring DWI offenders to install them as a condition of driver's license reinstatement enhances the public health benefits of interlocks by increasing the number of offenders who install them and producing greater reductions in recidivism.

描述（由申请人提供）：车辆酒精联锁系统似乎提供了一种有用的技术，可减少酒后驾驶 (DWI) 违法者的累犯。如果驾驶员血液酒精浓度 (BAC) 为 0.03 或更高，这些装置会阻止车辆启动。一系列广泛的研究表明，如果将联锁装置安装在完全悬挂的酒后驾车罪犯的车辆上，则可有效减少累犯率约 65%。然而，如果可以选择在完全暂停驾驶期间安装联锁装置，那么只有大约十分之一的酒后驾车违法者利用联锁装置合法驾驶的机会。为了增加违法者安装联锁装置的积极性，一些州将其作为恢复驾驶执照的要求，以便不安装联锁装置成为合法驾驶的永久障碍。该申请要求提供资金，以扩大对超过 82,000 名醉酒驾车罪犯的初步研究，这些罪犯在新法律生效后被定罪并被判处佛罗里达联锁计划，该计划是首批采用该程序的国家之一。我们的初步研究表明，将联锁作为恢复的先决条件似乎可以提高参与率，但会延迟该计划的实施。 R21 申请中提出的研究将收集佛罗里达州的法律前数据，以确定相对于缺乏此类法律，要求恢复互锁是否会延迟所有酒后驾驶罪犯、使用者和非使用者的恢复，以及是否会减少全州范围内酒后驾车累犯的总体情况。公共健康相关性：酒精点火联锁通常作为驾照吊销期间部分驾驶的一种选择提供，事实证明，酒精点火联锁可以大幅减少醉酒驾驶者不清醒驾驶的频率，从而降低公众在高速公路事故中受伤的风险。这项研究将确定一种新的联锁装置方法——要求酒后驾车罪犯安装联锁装置作为恢复驾驶执照的条件，是否可以通过增加安装联锁装置的罪犯数量并更大程度地减少累犯来增强联锁装置的公共健康效益。