Health Interventions with Interlock Users: Effective?

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精点火联锁，防止酒后驾驶人启动车辆，已被证明在减少酒后驾驶（DUI）定罪的个人的再犯方面非常有效。这一证据已经在全国范围内掀起了一股强烈的趋势，即各州颁布立法，要求对所有酒后驾车违规者进行惩戒。然而，这种立法的有效性是有限的，因为联锁只有在违法者的车辆上安装时才有效（通常为6个月至2年），然而，酒后驾车违法者通常会在更长时间内继续对公众构成高于平均水平的风险，最长可达7年。需要一些旨在延长联锁装置在违法者车辆上使用期限后的有效性的项目。有一些证据表明，简短的教育计划和增加对联锁行为的监测强度可以减少联锁解除后的再犯。该应用程序提出了一项研究，涵盖了佛罗里达州40000名酒后驾车违规者10年的数据，该研究为联锁用户实施了一项干预计划，旨在减少他们在解除安装后的再犯。该项目遵循了一种医学模式，即干预的必要性是通过联锁呼吸测试的表现客观确定的，而不是通过筛选面谈。此外，干预措施是分阶段实施的，随着需求的增加而增加所提供的治疗水平。该项目实施了三种类型的干预——教育、监测和治疗——有证据表明，它们减少了联锁罪犯的再犯。在哪些方面可以确定干预措施的益处，成本效益评估

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol-ignition interlocks, which prevent a drinking driver from starting the vehicle, have been demonstrated to be very effective in reducing the recidivism of individuals convicted of driving under the influence (DUI). That evidence has initiated a strong national trend for states to enact legislation requiring interlocks for all DUI offenders. The effectiveness of such legislation is limited, however, because interlocks are only effective while installed on the offender's vehicle (typically 6 months to 2 years), yet DUI offenders generally continue to be an above-average risk to the public for a much longer-up to 7 years. Programs targeted at extending the effectiveness of interlocks beyond the period they are on the offender's vehicle are needed. There is some evidence that brief educational programs and increasing the intensity of the monitoring of interlock performance can reduce recidivism following the removal of the interlock. This application proposes a study covering 10 years of data on 40,000 DUI offenders in Florida, which has implemented an intervention program for interlock users designed to reduce their recidivism following deinstallaton. That program follows a medical model where the need for intervention is determined objectively by interlock breath-test performance rather than by screening interviews. Furthermore, the intervention is applied in stages by increasing the level of treatment provided as an increasing need is demonstrated. The program implements the three types of intervention-education, monitoring, and treatment-for which there is some evidence that they reduce the recidivism of interlock offenders. Where benefits of the interventions can be identified, cost-benefit estimates will be developed for the sample analyzed and for the expected benefit if applied in other states. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Interlocks save lives by preventing convicted drinking drivers from starting their vehicles, but once the interlock is removed from the vehicle, they have no effect on the risk that the offender will be involved in an alcohol-related crash. This study is designed to determine whether brief educational programs, stricter monitoring, or alcohol treatment programs can change the behavior of these drivers so that the safer behavior demonstrated during the time on the interlock continues after its removal from offenders' vehicles.