Drivers with Alcohol Use Disorders: At high risk for crashes?

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请寻求资金，以利用600万美元的国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）计划提供的独特机会，进行有史以来第一次吸毒驾驶相对风险的病例对照研究。这项研究将招募2,500名涉及撞车的司机和5,000名比较司机参加路边采访，收集BAC、口腔液和血液样本的呼吸测试，以确定是否涉及毒品。国家公路交通安全管理局与PIRE签订了合同，进行药物风险研究，提供了一个机会，将其作为一个框架，用于增加对患有酒精使用障碍的驾驶员参与碰撞的相对风险的研究。拟议中的附加条款还将通过驾驶记录确定铁杆饮酒司机，以确定他们在交通事故中的普遍性。附加研究还将收集和分析撞车记录，以确定撞车责任，这将首次允许计算造成撞车的相对风险，而不仅仅是参与撞车。最后，通过收集NHTSA药物风险研究中驾驶员酒精使用障碍的信息，附加研究将允许确定驾驶员合并酒精和药物使用问题的相对风险。公共卫生相关性：公共卫生相关性声明本研究旨在预防美国每年因涉及受损驾驶员的与酒精有关的撞车事故造成的13，000起死亡事故。它将确定在交通事故中酒精使用障碍的驾驶员的患病率，并为有关治疗和预防方案的决策者提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application seeks funding to take advantage of a unique opportunity provided by a $6 million National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) program to conduct the first-ever case-controlled study of the relative risk of drugged driving. That study will recruit 2,500 crash-involved drivers and 5,000 comparison drivers to participate in roadside interviews that will collect breath tests for BAC and oral fluid and blood samples to identify drug involvement. NHTSA has contracted with PIRE to conduct the drug risk study, providing an opportunity for using it as a framework for adding-on a study of the relative risk of crash involvement of drivers with alcohol use disorders. The proposed add-on would also identify hardcore drinking drivers through their driving records to determine their prevalence in traffic crashes. The add-on study would also provide for the collection and analysis of crash records to determine crash responsibility, which will permit for the first time the calculation of relative risk of causing a crash, rather than simply being involved in a crash. Finally, the add-on study, through the collection of information on alcohol use disorders on the drivers in the NHTSA drug risk study, will permit the determination of the relative risk of drivers with comorbid alcohol and drug use problems. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Public Health Relevance Statement This study is directed at the prevention of the 13,000 fatalities caused by alcohol-related crashes involving impaired drivers each year in the United States. It will determine the prevalence of drivers with alcohol use disorders in traffic crashes and provide information to policymakers concerned with treatment and prevention programs.