Drivers with Alcohol Use Disorders: At high risk for crashes?

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请寻求资金，以利用美国国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）提供的600万美元项目提供的独特机会，对吸毒驾驶的相对风险进行首次病例对照研究。这项研究将招募2500名涉及车祸的司机和5000名对照司机参加路边访谈，收集血液酒精浓度测试、口腔液和血液样本，以确定是否与药物有关。国家公路交通安全管理局已与国际交通管理局签订合同，进行药物风险研究，提供了一个机会，将其作为一个框架，以补充对酒精使用障碍驾驶员涉及撞车的相对风险的研究。拟议中的附加功能还将通过驾驶记录来识别铁杆酒驾司机，以确定他们在交通事故中的流行程度。附加研究还将提供对事故记录的收集和分析，以确定事故责任，这将首次允许计算导致事故的相对风险，而不仅仅是参与事故。最后，附加研究，通过收集NHTSA药物风险研究中驾驶员酒精使用障碍的信息，将允许确定伴随酒精和药物使用问题的驾驶员的相对风险。公共卫生相关性：公共卫生相关性声明本研究旨在预防美国每年因与酒精有关的撞车事故造成的13,000人死亡。它将确定在交通事故中有酒精使用障碍的司机的患病率，并为有关治疗和预防计划的政策制定者提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application seeks funding to take advantage of a unique opportunity provided by a $6 million National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) program to conduct the first-ever case-controlled study of the relative risk of drugged driving. That study will recruit 2,500 crash-involved drivers and 5,000 comparison drivers to participate in roadside interviews that will collect breath tests for BAC and oral fluid and blood samples to identify drug involvement. NHTSA has contracted with PIRE to conduct the drug risk study, providing an opportunity for using it as a framework for adding-on a study of the relative risk of crash involvement of drivers with alcohol use disorders. The proposed add-on would also identify hardcore drinking drivers through their driving records to determine their prevalence in traffic crashes. The add-on study would also provide for the collection and analysis of crash records to determine crash responsibility, which will permit for the first time the calculation of relative risk of causing a crash, rather than simply being involved in a crash. Finally, the add-on study, through the collection of information on alcohol use disorders on the drivers in the NHTSA drug risk study, will permit the determination of the relative risk of drivers with comorbid alcohol and drug use problems. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Public Health Relevance Statement This study is directed at the prevention of the 13,000 fatalities caused by alcohol-related crashes involving impaired drivers each year in the United States. It will determine the prevalence of drivers with alcohol use disorders in traffic crashes and provide information to policymakers concerned with treatment and prevention programs.