The PARC Education Program for First DUIs: Two-Year Followup of 43,000 Offenders

PARC 针对首次酒驾的教育计划：对 43,000 名违法者进行两年跟踪

• 批准号: 7614307
• 负责人: ROBERT B VOAS
• 金额: $ 17.65万
• 依托单位: PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-04-15 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7614307
• 关键词: 21 year old; Acculturation; Adopted; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker; Alcohols; Automobile Driving; Award; Businesses; Clinical Trials; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Drunk driving; Education; Educational Curriculum; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Evaluation; Evaluation Research; Event; Factor Analysis; Female; Florida; Follow-Up Studies; Funding; Future; Gender; Grant; Harm Reduction; Heavy Drinking; Hispanics; Home environment; Instruction; Intention; Intervention; Latino; Left; Length; Licensing; Measures; Minority; Modification; Motor Vehicles; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Participant; Phase; Population; Predictive Value; Program Sustainability; Proxy; Randomized; Readiness; Records; Relative (related person); Research; Research Institute; Research Personnel; Risk; Safety; Sampling; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Socioeconomic Status; Staging; Testing; Time; United States; Work; age group; alcohol use disorder; base; convict; court; drinking; driving under influence; high risk; impaired driving performance; improved; male; novel; offender; prevent; programs; recidivism; retiree; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One-third of drivers convicted of DUI (driving under the influence of alcohol) will repeat the offense. These drivers present a significantly elevated risk to the public and to themselves. The majority of first-time DUI offenders are assigned to a short-term education program as part of their court sanction or as a requirement for license reinstatement; however, with such high recidivism rates, it is evident that these programs can be improved. Whereas traditional programs attempt to motivate offenders to control their drinking in order to avoid a future DUI arrest, a new program-PARC (Preventing Alcohol-Related Convictions)-introduces a strategy of controlling driving (to drinking events) rather than controlling drinking (at drinking events). This harm reduction approach grows out of research on the reasons DUI offenders fail to avoid additional arrests for impaired driving. These researchers found that offenders who drove to a drinking event would drive home impaired because, despite their intention to avoid drinking, they could not control their drinking in environments where others were consuming alcohol. Although the PARC course contains the standard information on alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders that provide a basis for controlling drinking, the central theme of the PARC curriculum is that leaving one's vehicle at home is the most effective way to prevent driving while impaired. An opportunity to initiate a statewide random clinical trial of the PARC curriculum and its relatively simple protective concept was provided by the State of Florida, Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles. Between August 2004 and March 2006, with SBIR funding from the NIAAA, the PARC and the Traditional first offender curricula were randomly assigned to 43,000 first DUI offenders in Florida. An evaluation of the first 10,000 participants with a minimum of one year of driving exposure showed the PARC curriculum was associated with a 42% reduction in recidivism. This application proposes a secondary analysis of the records of the full 43,000 participants that can now be tracked for 2 to 4 years after program completion to verify the benefits shown in the preliminary study and to determine which type of offender benefits the most and which benefits the least (i.e., males, underage drivers, heavy drinkers, Hispanics, and others), thereby, providing crucial information about the continuation, expansion, or modification of the PARC program.

描述（由申请人提供）： 三分之一被判酒后驾车（酒后驾车）的司机将重复犯罪。这些司机给公众和他们自己带来了显着升高的风险。作为法庭制裁的一部分或作为恢复驾照的要求，大多数酒后驾车初犯都会被安排参加短期教育计划；然而，由于累犯率如此之高，这些方案显然还有待改进。传统计划试图激励罪犯控制饮酒，以避免未来酒后驾车被捕，而新计划——PARC（预防酒精相关定罪）——引入了控制驾驶（饮酒事件）而不是控制饮酒（在饮酒事件中）的策略。这种减少伤害的方法源于对酒驾罪犯未能避免因酒后驾驶而再次被捕的原因的研究。这些研究人员发现，驾车参加饮酒活动的犯罪者会在酒后驾车回家，因为尽管他们有意避免饮酒，但在其他人饮酒的环境中，他们无法控制自己的饮酒。尽管 PARC 课程包含有关饮酒和酒精使用障碍的标准信息，为控制饮酒提供了基础，但 PARC 课程的中心主题是，将车辆留在家中是防止酒后驾驶的最有效方法。佛罗里达州公路安全和机动车辆部提供了在全州范围内启动 PARC 课程及其相对简单的保护概念的随机临床试验的机会。 2004 年 8 月至 2006 年 3 月期间，在 NIAAA 的 SBIR 资助下，PARC 和传统初犯课程被随机分配给佛罗里达州 43,000 名酒后驾车初犯。对前 10,000 名至少有一年驾驶经验的参与者进行的评估显示，PARC 课程与累犯率降低 42% 相关。该应用程序建议对全部 43,000 名参与者的记录进行二次分析，这些记录现在可以在项目完成后跟踪 2 至 4 年，以验证初步研究中显示的好处，并确定哪种类型的犯罪者受益最多和哪种受益最少（即男性、未成年司机、酗酒者、西班牙裔等），从而提供有关 PARC 计划的继续、扩展或修改的重要信息。