SOCIAL LEARNING AND CULTURE IN CHIMPANZEES

这个子项目是许多利用资源的研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。次级项目的主要支助 而子项目的主要调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其它NIH来源。 列出的子项目总成本可能 表示子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 而不是由NCRR赠款提供给子项目或子项目工作人员的直接资金。 我们与苏格兰圣安德鲁斯大学的Andrew Whiten博士（这一领域的世界知名专家）和两位博士后合作，研究了户外圈养黑猩猩群体的社会学习过程。最新的进展来自于一项关于“声望效应”的研究，该研究询问黑猩猩是否像人类一样，更倾向于遵循高地位模型而不是低地位模型。在一个平衡的设计中比较两组，研究发现，高地位的模特确实吸引了更多的追随者（Horner等人。2010）。 与之前的所有研究相比，这些研究的独特之处在于，黑猩猩可以学习的一些模型是同种的。第一个迹象是，黑猩猩从其他黑猩猩那里学习要比从人类那里学习好得多，这当然给以前文献中获得的所有结果打上了问号。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. In collaboration with Dr. Andrew Whiten of St. Andrews University in Scotland (a world renowned specialist in this field), and two postdoctoral associates, we study the process of social learning in outdoor housed groups of chimpanzees. The most recent progress came from a study on the "prestige effect," which asked if chimpanzees, like humans, tend to follow high status models more than low status ones. Comparing two groups in a counterbalanced design, the study found indeed that high status models attract more followers (Horner et al. 2010). The unique feature of these studies, compared to all studies done before, is that some of the models from which the chimpanzees can learn are conspecifics. The first signs are that chimpanzees are much better at learning from other chimpanzees than from humans, which of course puts question marks behind all previously obtained results in the literature.