REACTIONS TO (IN) EQUALITY IN CAPUCHIN MONKEYS

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 社会情绪引导着人们对他人的努力、得失的反应。嫉妒、报复和惩罚等反应有时被认为是非理性的，但可能已经演变为促进合作。本研究试图在大脑、高度合作的灵长类动物卷尾猴(Cebus Apella)身上确定同样的反应。在之前的研究中，如果伴侣付出同等或更少的努力而得到更好的奖励，这些猴子就会做出负面反应。这项研究探讨了猴子在多大程度上监督他人的努力和回报，以及它们对(非)平等报酬分配的反应。在室内/室外的围栏里有一个由30只卷尾猴组成的群体，它们接受过临时隔离的训练，以便进行测试。猴子会拉进一个托盘，在奖励自己的同时奖励他们的伴侣。如果伴侣的回报大大超过自己的回报，那么个人的拉扯活动预计会减少。预计女性比男性对奖励分配更敏感。这种性别差异在另外两个范例中得到了检验，一个范例是测量两只猴子并排吃不同食物的进食速度。第二，在模仿任务中，食物奖励起到了作用。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Social emotions guide human reactions to the efforts, gains, and losses of others. Reactions such as envy, retaliation, and punishment, are sometimes seen as irrational, but may have evolved to promote cooperation. The present study seeks to determine the same reactions in a large-brained, highly cooperative primate, the capuchin monkey (Cebus apella). In previous research these monkeys reacted negatively if a partner received a better reward for equal or less effort. The study addresses the degree to which monkeys monitor the efforts and pay-offs of others, and how they react to (un)equal reward division. Available is a colony of 30 capuchins in an indoor/outdoor enclosure, trained for temporary separation for testing. Monkeys will pull in a tray that rewards their partner at the same time that it rewards themselves. An individual's pulling activity is expected to decline if the partner's rewards substantially exceed those for itself. Females are expected to be more sensitive to reward division than males. This sex difference is tested in two further paradigms, one that measures the feeding speed of two monkeys eating side by side from different foods. Second, in a task of imitation, in which food rewards play a role.