PUBERTAL MATURATION & DRUG USE VULNERABILITY

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 这项应用描述了青春期情绪、动机和决策的发展研究。这项研究的重点是青春期成熟过程中情感变化的神经基础，重点是与理解青少年易受物质使用障碍影响有关的感觉寻求、奖励寻求和冒险行为。该设计旨在理清青春期行为和大脑发育的青春期依赖和青春期无关的方面。这将通过比较年龄匹配但青春期成熟程度不同的样本来实现，然后在两年的额外发展后重新研究每个样本。每个时间点的测量将包括：调节情感行为的神经系统的结构和功能成像；决策和抑制控制的行为测量；以及青少年在自然家庭环境中的情绪、动机和寻求奖励行为的经验采样测量。此外，这项研究还将考察单胺功能(多巴胺和5-羟色胺)的可遗传变异对这些神经系统和情感行为发展的影响。通过这些方法的融合，这项研究旨在了解大脑边缘和前额叶区域之间功能关系的成熟变化，这些变化可能导致危险行为倾向的短暂增加，并使这些行为在青春期被体验为更有回报--特别是在某些个人和某些社会背景下。这项工作的短期目标是测试关于青春期特定的情感大脑系统变化的假说，这些变化影响青少年的决策，以及在这一发育阶段个体差异的关键来源。这项工作的长期目标是确定易受药物使用障碍影响的发育途径和生物机制，以便为早期干预和预防战略提供信息。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. This application describes a developmental study of emotion, motivation, and decision-making in adolescence. The study focuses on the neural basis for affective changes during pubertal maturation, with an emphasis on sensation-seeking, reward-seeking, and risk-taking relevant to understanding adolescent vulnerability to substance use disorders. The design is aimed at disentangling puberty-dependent versus puberty-independent aspects of adolescent behavioral and brain development. This will be accomplished by comparing samples matched on age but differing in pubertal maturation and then re-studying each sample after two years of additional development. Measures at each time point will include: structural and functional imaging of neural systems mediating affective behaviors; behavioral measures of decision-making and inhibitory control; and experience-sampling measures of adolescents' mood, motivation, and reward-seeking behavior in their natural home environments. In addition, the study will examine the influence of heritable variation in monoamine function (dopamine and serotonin) on the development of these neural systems and affective behaviors. Through the convergence of these methodologies, this study aims at understanding maturational shifts in the functional relationships between limbic and prefrontal brain regions that may contribute to a transient increase in the tendency toward risky behavior and cause these behaviors to be experienced as more rewarding in adolescence--particularly in some individuals and in some social contexts. The short-term goals of this work are to test hypotheses about puberty-specific changes in affective brain systems that influence decision-making in adolescents and key sources of individual differences during this developmental period. The long-term goals of this work are to identify developmental pathways and biological mechanisms of vulnerability toward substance use disorders in ways that will inform early intervention and prevention strategies.