STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE RIBOSOME

核糖体的结构分析

• 批准号: 8172033
• 负责人: LEONARDO G TRABUCO
• 金额: $ 5.02万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8172033
• 关键词: Amino Acids; Antibiotics; Anticodon; Codon Nucleotides; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Cryoelectron Microscopy; Funding; Genetic; Grant; Image; Institution; Instruction; Ions; Messenger RNA; Peptides; Proteins; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Resources; Ribosomal Proteins; Ribosomal RNA; Ribosomes; Source; Translations; United States National Institutes of Health; X-Ray Crystallography; base; insight; research study

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The ribosome [1] is a cellular machine that synthesizes proteins based on genetic instructions. The ribosome moves along the mRNA, catches tRNAs, facilitates the pairing between codons and anticodons, and catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids. The bacterial ribosome is an important target of antibiotics; indeed, 50% of all research on antibiotics is focused on the ribosome. Currently the most successful approaches to image ribosomes are cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) [2] and X-ray crystallography [3]. Cryo-EM offers insights into the function of the ribosome by providing snapshots of different functional states, currently at a resolution of 7 Angstroms. X-ray crystallography yields atomic-scale structural information for single or undefined functional states. These and other experiments show that the ribosome consists of two subunits, the small subunit being responsible for codon-anticodon recognition, and the large subunit for catalyzing peptide bond formation. The whole translation machinery consists of ribosomal RNAs, about 50 ribosomal proteins, tRNAs, mRNA, ions, and additional protein factors.

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 核糖体[1]是一种基于遗传指令合成蛋白质的细胞机器。 核糖体沿着 mRNA捕获tRNA，促进密码子和反密码子之间的配对，并催化肽的形成 氨基酸之间的键。 细菌核糖体是抗生素的重要靶点;事实上，所有关于细菌核糖体的研究中有50% 抗生素主要作用于核糖体。 目前最成功的核糖体成像方法是冷冻电子成像 显微镜（冷冻EM）[2]和X射线晶体学[3]。 Cryo-EM提供了深入了解核糖体的功能， 提供不同功能状态的快照，目前分辨率为7埃。X射线晶体学 单个或未定义功能状态的原子尺度结构信息。 这些和其他实验表明， 核糖体由两个亚基组成，小亚基负责密码子-反密码子识别，大亚基负责密码子-反密码子识别。 用于催化肽键形成的亚基。 整个翻译机器由核糖体RNA组成，约50 核糖体蛋白、tRNA、mRNA、离子和其它蛋白因子。