HIGH-FRUCTOSE MEAL AND GENE EXPRESSION OF APPETITE-RELATED PEPTIDES IN BABOONS

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 本项目的目的是评估高果糖和高糖刺激对狒狒食欲相关激素基因表达(血浆、脑脊液和mRNA)的影响。最近肥胖的增加似乎与高果糖食物的消费增加是平行的，尤其是高果糖玉米糖浆。果糖通过影响食欲与体重增加有关。果糖会提高血糖，但不会像葡萄糖那样引起饱腹感。与葡萄糖不同，摄入果糖不会导致瘦素和胰岛素水平的增加(增加饱腹感的激素)。同样，它对胃促生长素(一种增加食物摄入量的荷尔蒙)的抑制比例也不同于葡萄糖。这会导致过量摄入卡路里和糖，从而导致体重增加。对啮齿动物和恒河猴的研究发现，果糖摄入量的增加与腹部肥胖症的增加有关。以狒狒为研究模型，我们将扩大对高果糖饮食影响的调查，以包括其在基因表达水平上的影响。9只(3只喂食高果糖，3只喂高糖粉，3只喂高糖粉，3只对照)年龄和大小匹配，没有胃肠道疾病、炎症或糖尿病病史的狒狒将被使用。将评估食欲相关激素的基因表达(蛋白质和mRNA)。这项研究将确定在控制良好的条件下，长期高果糖摄入与高葡萄糖消耗对狒狒代谢的影响。从这项研究中获得的初步数据将被用来建立用于研究果糖和葡萄糖摄入对参与食欲调节的神经内分泌因子的差异影响的模型，这是目前正在开发的更大的R01应用的一部分。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The aim of this project is to evaluate the effects of a high-fructose vs. a high-glucose challenge on gene expression (plasma, cerebrospinal fluid and mRNA) of appetite-related hormones in baboons. The recent increase in obesity seems to have paralleled the increase in consumption of foods high in fructose, particularly high-fructose corn syrup. Fructose is associated with body weight gain through its effects on appetite. Fructose raises the blood sugar but does not cause a feeling of fullness in a way that glucose does. Unlike glucose, ingestion of fructose does not cause an increase in leptin and insulin levels (hormones that increase satiety). Similarly it does not suppress ghrelin (a hormone which increases food intake) in the same proportion as glucose. This can cause over consumption of calories and sugar and hence lead to weight gain. Studies in rodents and rhesus macaques have found increased consumption of fructose to be associated with an increase in abdominal adiposity. Using the baboon as our model for study we will expand the investigation of the effects of a high-fructose diet to include its effect at the level of gene expression. Nine baboons (3 fed a high fructose meal, 3 fed a high glucose meal, and 3 control), matched for age and size with no history of gastrointestinal pathologies, inflammation, or diabetes will be utilized. Gene expression (protein and mRNA) of appetite-related hormones will be evaluated. This study will determine the metabolic effects of chronic high-fructose vs. high glucose consumption under well-controlled conditions in the baboon. The preliminary data obtained from this study will be used to establish the baboon as the model for investigating the differential effects of fructose vs. glucose consumption on neuroendocrine factors involved in appetite regulation as part of a larger R01 application now in development.