Hierarchical development of temporal processing in human visual cortex.

描述(由申请人提供)：拟议研究的广泛目标是了解婴儿时期时间视觉加工是如何发展的。在这项提议中进行的实验将结合高密度脑电和现代来源成像方法来评估婴儿和成年人视觉层次结构特定皮质区域的时间反应特征，并将检查神经活动和有意识视觉知觉之间的关系。这一方法将提供婴儿时间视觉处理功能发展的第一张图片。视觉运动知觉缺陷是一种严重依赖于精细时间分辨率的过程，据报道，许多发育障碍都存在这种缺陷，包括脆性X综合征和自闭症。本研究获得的信息可以用来提高我们对视觉发育异常的理解，建立非典型时间加工的定量生物标记物，并指导针对改善时间视觉缺陷的干预设计。这项研究与国家眼科研究所宣布的使命非常吻合。 公共卫生相关性：了解时间视觉处理的发展不仅要求了解婴儿如何使用视觉信息来理解和执行世界上的动作，而且更广泛地讲，需要了解视觉系统分层皮质区域的功能成熟。视觉处理的基本机制，包括运动处理，在广泛的发育障碍中受到损害。对典型发育的视觉系统的理解反过来将有助于揭示时间处理的缺陷，这可能是非典型发育人群的特征。这项研究考察了视力研究的一个重要和未回答的领域，这项研究的结果将与美国国立卫生研究院的使命高度相关。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad goal of the proposed research is to understand how temporal visual processing develops during infancy. The experiments conducted in this proposal will combine high-density EEG with modern source- imaging methods to assess temporal response characteristics in specific cortical areas of the visual hierarchy in infants and adults, and will examine the relationship between neural activity and conscious visual perception. This approach will provide the first picture of the functional development of temporal visual processing in infants. Deficits in visual motion perception, a process that is critically dependent on fine temporal resolution, have been reported in a number of developmental disorders, including fragile X syndrome and autism. The information gained from this research can be used to improve our understanding of abnormal visual development, to establish a quantitative biomarker for atypical temporal processing, and to guide the design of interventions targeted at improving temporal visual deficits. This research fits closely with the stated mission of the National Eye Institute. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Understanding the development of temporal visual processing is a requirement for understanding not only how infants use visual information to make sense of and perform actions in the world, but more broadly, the functional maturation of hierarchical cortical areas of the visual system. Basic mechanisms of visual processing, including motion processing, are impaired in a wide range of developmental disorders. Understanding the typically developing visual system will, in turn, shed light on deficits in temporal processing that may be characteristic of atypically developing populations. This study examines an important and unanswered area of vision research, and findings from this study will be highly relevant to the mission of the National Institutes of Health.