Perceptions of Community-level Violence & Unintended Pregnancy among Urban Women

对社区暴力的看法

• 批准号: 8384910
• 负责人: Deborah B Nelson
• 金额: $ 22.95万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-15 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8384910
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Affect; Area; Attenuated; Behavioral; Breast Feeding; Caring; Characteristics; Child; Clinic; Communities; Complex; Conceptions; Contraceptive Usage; Contraceptive methods; Data; Drug usage; Education; Enrollment; Exhibits; Exposure to; FDA approved; Family; Family Planning; Future; High Prevalence; Individual; Infant Mortality; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Interpersonal Violence; Intervention; Knowledge; Life; Link; Low income; Maternal and Child Health; Minority; Modeling; Outcome; Perception; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Poverty; Pregnancy; Prenatal care; Questionnaires; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Schools; Self Efficacy; Sex Behavior; Sexual Partners; Substance abuse problem; Suggestion; Surveys; Time; Translational Research; Universities; Unmarried; Violence; Woman; abortion; care seeking; depressive symptoms; emotion regulation; experience; follow-up; high risk; high risk sexual behavior; male; peer; population based; prevent; programs; reproductive; response; self esteem; sexually active; social; unintended pregnancy; urban area; young adult; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Perceptions of Community-level Violence and Unintended Pregnancy among Urban Women An unintended pregnancy (UP) is a pregnancy that is either mistimed or unwanted at the time of conception and is the result of various risk factors associated with inconsistent contraceptive use. High rates of UP occur among unmarried women, minority or urban women, women with limited education, women living in poverty, women at the youngest spectrum of their reproductive years, and women who have experienced interpersonal violence. This project will examine the role of interpersonal violence and perception of community-level violence on the risk of unintended pregnancy among young, urban women. This proposal will involve the completion of 300 in-person baseline and 9-month follow- up questionnaires among young, urban, non-pregnant, sexually active women seeking care at Temple University-affiliated family planning clinics to: 1) assess the independent role of perceptions of community violence and experiences of interpersonal violence on the risk of UP, and 2) identify the moderating effect of resiliency promotive factors and depressive symptoms on this relationship. These findings may dramatically expand the understanding of the individual characteristics which are involved with why some young, urban women do and other young, urban women do not practice safe sexual behaviors to prevent UP. The data generated from the proposed study will allow an accurate assessment of the direct role of community-level violence on UP, and a quantification of the importance of moderating resiliency factors on the relationship between community violence, interpersonal violence and risk of UP among young, urban women. These findings will vastly expand the research in the area of UP by allowing a complex examination of the role of individual and community violence on the risk of unintended pregnancy among a population-based group of non-pregnant, sexually active urban women. These results will inform interventions to address the culturally and structurally specific factor that may play a role in the risk of unintended pregnancy in an urban setting. We anticipate the translation of this research into action particularly given the proposals focus on identifying modifiable, moderating factors that affect UP risk among young, low-income, urban women. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Assessing resiliency among young, urban women may provide a framework for understanding why a subset of women exposed to violence practice inconsistent contraceptive use and are at high risk for an unintended pregnancy (UP). Using a social ecological approach and building on the resiliency model, the proposed study will enroll 300 young, non-pregnant, sexually active women and collect baseline and 9-month follow-up surveys to identify the direct and modifying role of resiliency on the relation between community/ interpersonal violence and UP.

描述（由申请人提供）：城市女性对社区暴力和意外怀孕的看法 意外怀孕 (UP) 是指在受孕时不合时宜或意外怀孕，是与避孕措施使用不一致相关的各种风险因素造成的结果。未婚女性、少数民族或城市女性、教育程度有限的女性、生活贫困的女性、育龄期最年轻的女性以及经历过人际暴力的女性的 UP 发生率较高。该项目将研究人际暴力和社区暴力对年轻城市妇女意外怀孕风险的影响。该提案将涉及在坦普尔大学附属计划生育诊所寻求护理的年轻、城市、未怀孕、性活跃的女性中完成 300 份面对面基线和 9 个月的随访调查问卷，以：1）评估 对社区暴力的看法和人际暴力经历对 UP 风险的影响，2) 确定弹性促进因素和抑郁症状对这种关系的调节作用。这些发现可能会极大地扩展对个体特征的理解，这些特征涉及为什么一些年轻的城市女性会采取安全的性行为来预防 UP。 拟议研究产生的数据将有助于准确评估社区层面的暴力对年轻城市妇女的普遍性暴力的直接作用，并量化调节弹性因素对社区暴力、人际暴力和年轻城市女性普遍性暴力风险之间关系的重要性。 这些发现将极大地扩展 UP 领域的研究，允许对个人和社区暴力对非怀孕、性活跃的城市女性群体意外怀孕风险的作用进行复杂的检查。这些结果将为解决可能在城市环境中意外怀孕风险中发挥作用的文化和结构特定因素的干预措施提供信息。我们预计这项研究将转化为行动，特别是考虑到这些提案的重点是确定影响年轻、低收入城市女性的 UP 风险的可改变、调节因素。 公共健康相关性：评估年轻城市女性的复原力可能会提供一个框架，帮助理解为什么一部分遭受暴力的女性会不一致地使用避孕药具，并且面临意外怀孕 (UP) 的高风险。拟议的研究将采用社会生态方法并建立在复原力模型的基础上，招募 300 名年轻、未怀孕、性活跃的女性，并收集基线和 9 个月的跟踪调查，以确定复原力对社区/人际暴力与 UP 之间关系的直接和改变作用。