Tumor Detection and Quantitation with Emission Tomography

使用发射断层扫描进行肿瘤检测和定量

• 批准号: 8370135
• 负责人: THOMAS K LEWELLEN
• 金额: $ 33.21万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-07-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8370135
• 关键词: Acceleration; Adopted; Algorithms; Anatomy; Caliber; Calibration; Clinical; Collimator; Complex; Computer software; Computers; Data; Detection; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Dose; Effectiveness; Error Sources; Event; Funding; Goals; Grant; Image; Individual; Information Systems; Internet; Isotopes; Malignant Neoplasms; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Medicine; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Noise; Ocular orbit; Patients; Pharmacologic Substance; Photons; Physiology; Positron-Emission Tomography; Procedures; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Sampling; Signal Transduction; Slice; Speed; Spiral Computed Tomography; System; Techniques; Tracer; Translating; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; attenuation; base; cone-beam computed tomography; cost effective; disease diagnosis; image reconstruction; improved; novel; quantum; reconstruction; response; simulation; single photon emission computed tomography; tomography; tool; tumor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this renewal application is to improve the effectiveness of single photon emission tomography (SPECT) imaging for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancer. More specifically, it focuses on the capabilities of modern SPECT systems that include X-ray computed tomography systems (CT) with a focus on the estimation of activity concentration. This proposed effort will include a systematic phantom exploration of two SPECT/CT systems (one with cone beam CT and one with 16 slice helical CT) with 16 different combinations of isotopes and collimators. The data will be collected in the current sinogram binned mode and, in parallel, in listmode (keeping all events above 50 keV). A 4 cm diameter 57Co cylinder with calibrated 57Co standards for the dose calibrator will be used to determine a conversion factor from counts/pixel to activity/volume. These data will be used to explore the feasibility of such a calibration measurement (one isotope, one collimator) and scaling factors to apply that calibration to all isotope/collimator combinations. As part of ths effort we will develop more accurate scatter and collimator response modeling using accelerated Monte Carlo simulation in the image reconstruction process. This new effort is an outgrowth of our previous work, under this grant funding, in exploring quantitation in PET, including isolating many sources of error, finding ways to minimize them, and exploring alternative scanner geometries. That work also included image reconstruction with modeling scanner non-stationary resolution response. As part of our previously funded research, a Simulation System for Emission Tomography (SimSET) has been developed. This Monte Carlo-based software package tracks photons through complex heterogeneous objects (patients) and models the effects of collimation and detection. The package has been essential to our efforts and has been adopted by more than 300 other investigators in their own work. Part of our effort will be to continue to improve SimSET with significance acceleration of SPECT collimator simulation tools. The SimSET software package is freely available via the Internet. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Single Photon emission tomography (SPECT) has now been combined with X-ray Computed tomography (CT) to provide a single scanner that can image both physiology and anatomy. This grant will develop techniques to make quantitative SPECT/CT more available as a practical and cost effective clinical tool to make more specific diagnosis of disease and monitoring response to therapy than current techniques allow. This work is another step toward personalized medicine where therapies are tailored to the individual patient.

描述（由申请人提供）：此更新应用的总体目标是提高单个光子发射断层扫描（SPECT）成像对癌症患者的诊断和治疗的有效性。更具体地说，它重点关注现代SPECT系统的功能，该系统包括X射线计算机断层扫描系统（CT），重点是估计活动浓度。这项提出的努力将包括对两个SPECT/CT系统（一个具有锥形束CT和16片螺旋螺旋CT）的系统幻影探索，该系统具有16种不同的同位素和准直剂组合。数据将在当前的正式binned模式下收集，并在ListMode并行（将所有事件保持在50 KEV以上）。一个直径为4厘米的57CO圆柱，具有校准的57CO标准剂的剂量校准器将用于确定从计数/像素到活动/体积的转换因子。这些数据将用于探索这种校准测量（一个同位素，一个准直仪）和缩放因子的可行性，以将该校准应用于所有同位素/准时仪组合。作为努力的一部分，我们将使用图像重建过程中加速的蒙特卡洛模拟来开发更准确的散射和准直响应建模。这项新的工作是我们以前的工作的产物，在这笔赠款资金下，在探索宠物的定量方面，包括隔离许多错误来源，找到最小化它们的方法以及探索替代扫描仪的几何形状。这项工作还包括图像重建，并通过建模扫描仪非平稳分辨率响应。作为我们先前资助的研究的一部分，已经开发了发射断层扫描的模拟系统（SIMSET）。这个基于蒙特卡洛的软件包通过复杂的异质物体（患者）跟踪光子，并建模准直和检测的效果。该计划对我们的努力至关重要，并且在自己的工作中已被其他300多名研究人员采用。我们的一部分努力是通过SPECT准直仪仿真工具的重要性加速来继续改善模拟集。 SimSet软件包可以通过Internet免费获得。 公共卫生相关性：单个光子发射断层扫描（SPECT）现已与X射线计算机断层扫描（CT）结合使用，以提供可以同时形象生理和解剖学成像的单个扫描仪。该赠款将开发技术，使定量SPECT/CT作为一种实用且具有成本效益的临床工具，以比当前技术允许的允许更具体诊断疾病的诊断和监测对治疗的反应。这项工作是迈向个性化医学的又一步，在该药物中量身定制为个体患者。