INBRE-2 ECOLOGY OF AVIAN INFLUENZA-EPIZOOTIOLOGY, MICROBIAL COMMUNITY ECOLOGY

INBRE-2 禽流感生态学 - 流行病学、微生物群落生态学

• 批准号: 8359587
• 负责人: JONATHAN RUNSTADLER
• 金额: $ 5.22万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-01 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8359587
• 关键词: Alaska; Animals; Asians; Avian Influenza; Birds; Cessation of life; Chemistry; Communities; Diagnostic Procedure; Disease; Ecology; Elements; Environment; Funding; Grant; Habitats; Histology; Human; Immunoassay; Individual; Infection; Influenza; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; Intestines; Molecular; Morphology; National Center for Research Resources; Natural History; Organism; Pathogenesis; Principal Investigator; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Source; Staging; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Virus; Work; World Health; cost; environmental agent; epizootiology; influenzavirus; microbial; microbial community; migratory bird; pathogen; toxicant; transmission process; wild bird

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. In the last ten years influenza carried by birds has taken a worldwide stage as a zoonotic pathogen with potentially devastating effects on world health (Holmes et al., 2005). Migratory birds, implicated in the spread of Asian H5N1 influenza, cover vast distances twice a year, coming into contact with a wide range of habitats, many of them part of human habitats. While a great deal of work remains focused on common human subtypes of influenza which cause thousands of deaths worldwide each year, it is now realized that many of the common strains in humans and other animals may have derived from the vast pool of viruses circulating in wild birds. Unfortunately, despite years of surveillance in wild birds the scientific community understands very little about the natural history and ecology of infection and transmission in wild birds (Causey and Edwards, 2009). The ecology of the influenza virus encompasses a broad understanding in three realms: 1) the transmission of virus in space and time between individuals (epizootiology) 2) the biogeochemical environment in which the virus resides and 3) the host-pathogen interface (encompassing the dynamics of infection within the avian host). In this project, we propose to better understand the pathogenic potential of organisms and toxicants as they interact in the intestine via basic chemistry (e.g., elements analyses, proximate composition), diagnostic methods (e.g., immunoassays, morphology/histology), and molecular microbial ecology (defining the biotic environment) and pathogenesis.

这个子项目是许多利用资源的研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 而子项目的主要调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其他NIH来源。 列出的子项目总成本可能 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 而不是由NCRR赠款提供给子项目或子项目工作人员的直接资金。 在过去十年中，由鸟类携带的流感已经作为对世界健康具有潜在破坏性影响的人畜共患病原体而在世界范围内发展（Holmes等人，2005年）。与亚洲H5 N1流感传播有关的候鸟每年两次长途跋涉，接触到各种各样的栖息地，其中许多是人类栖息地的一部分。 虽然大量的工作仍然集中在每年导致全世界数千人死亡的常见人类流感亚型上，但现在人们意识到，人类和其他动物中的许多常见毒株可能来自野生鸟类中传播的大量病毒。 不幸的是，尽管对野生鸟类进行了多年的监测，但科学界对野生鸟类感染和传播的自然历史和生态学知之甚少（Causey和Edwards，2009）。 流感病毒的生态学包括三个领域的广泛理解：1）病毒在个体之间的空间和时间传播（流行病学）2）病毒所在的生物化学环境和3）宿主-病原体界面（包括鸟类宿主内的感染动力学）。在这个项目中，我们建议更好地了解生物体和毒物的致病潜力，因为它们通过基本化学（例如，元素分析，近似组成），诊断方法（例如，免疫测定、形态学/组织学）和分子微生物生态学（定义生物环境）和发病机理。