Influence of motor cortex on network activity and sensory processing in S1

运动皮层对 S1 网络活动和感觉处理的影响

• 批准号: 8394527
• 负责人: Edward W Zagha
• 金额: $ 5.22万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8394527
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cells; Cognitive; Data; Dependence; Electroencephalography; Exhibits; Feedback; Frequencies; Hand; Head; Human; Individual; Injection of therapeutic agent; Light; Mammals; Measures; Mediating; Membrane Potentials; Mental Processes; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Monitor; Motivation; Motor; Motor Cortex; Motor output; Movement; Movement Disorders; Mus; Nature; Neocortex; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Perception; Perceptual Disorders; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Regulation; Research; Rodent; Role; Sensory; Sensory Process; Sensory Thresholds; Signal Transduction; Somatosensory Cortex; Specificity; Speed; Stroke; Structure; Surface; Synapses; System; Tactile; Technology; Thalamic structure; Touch sensation; Vibrissae; Wakefulness; Whole-Cell Recordings; awake; design; expectation; extracellular; in vivo; mind control; neocortical; neuronal excitability; optogenetics; patch clamp; receptive field; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory cortex; sensory system; somatosensory; tool; voltage clamp

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Context dependence is a fundamental property of sensory perception; our perception of the outside world is not passive, but highly dependent upon our internal state (i.e. attention, desire) and ongoing behavior. For instance, if we feel something moving across the surface of our fingertips, it essential to know whether it is the object or our hand that is moving, when interpreting the nature of the object we are touching. Anatomical studies have shown that the movement (motor) and sensory regions of neocortex are highly interconnected, yet we know little about how signals from motor cortex influence sensory processing. We intend to study this sensorimotor integration at the network and cellular levels in the mouse whisker system, which is one of the primary modalities by which mice navigate their surroundings and is analogous to the human tactile sensory system. By using state-of-the-art optogenetics technology we are able to control the activity of neurons in motor cortex and measure cellular and network activity in somatosensory cortex. We have gathered exciting preliminary data that stimulating motor cortex can effectively alter the ongoing network activity in sensory cortex, which may in turn enhance the reliability of sensory responses. In this proposal, in a first set of experiments we intend to establish a mechanistic understanding of how motor cortex inputs influence cellular excitability and sensory responses in somatosensory cortex. These stimulation studies will be conducted in anesthetized mice, where motor and sensory pathways may be stimulated in an otherwise stable and rhythmic network dynamic. A second set of experiments will be conducted in awake mice, in order to determine the importance of the motor cortex inputs in the local regulation of network activity. By stimulating o suppressing activity in motor cortex and recording network activity in multiple sensory regions, we intend to determine whether this input can bi-directionally regulate local changes in network activity in awake mice. This research may potentially contribute to our understanding of the context dependence of sensory processing, and therefore enable a better understanding of sensory perception and motor coordination, be used as a general model for cortico-cortical regulation of sensory processing, and enhance our understanding of cortical deficits following damage to motor cortex as in ALS and stroke. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The ability of attention, motivation and behavior to modify our perception of the external world is a well known phenomenon, and yet the neural pathways involved in this process are poorly understood. Here we propose to study how a part of the brain that controls movement directly influences how the brain processes sensory information. This research has implications for understanding important pathways potentially contributing to movement and perceptual disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：情境依赖性是感官知觉的基本特性；我们对外部世界的感知不是被动的，而是高度依赖于我们的内部状态（即注意力、欲望）和持续的行为。例如，如果我们感觉到有东西在我们的指尖表面移动，在解释我们触摸的物体的性质时，有必要知道是物体还是我们的手在移动。解剖学研究表明，新皮层的运动（运动）和感觉区域是高度相互联系的，但我们对运动皮层的信号如何影响感觉加工知之甚少。我们打算在小鼠须系统的网络和细胞水平上研究这种感觉运动整合，这是小鼠导航周围环境的主要方式之一，类似于人类的触觉感觉系统。通过使用最先进的光遗传学技术，我们能够控制运动皮层神经元的活动，并测量体感觉皮层的细胞和网络活动。我们已经收集到令人兴奋的初步数据，刺激运动皮层可以有效地改变正在进行的感觉皮层网络活动，从而提高感觉反应的可靠性。在这个