Development of a High Performance Bioprocess for Eliminating 1,4-Dioxane in Water

开发消除水中 1,4-二恶烷的高性能生物工艺

• 批准号: 8393555
• 负责人: Joseph Salanitro
• 金额: $ 13.1万
• 依托单位: MICROVI BIOTECH, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-18 至 2013-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8393555
• 关键词: Address; Adhesives; Biological; Bioreactors; Carcinogens; Cells; Characteristics; Chemicals; Coupled; Development; Dioxanes; Effectiveness; Engineering; Ensure; Environment; Environmental Health; Environmental sludge; Exhibits; Funding; Goals; Health; Human; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Laboratories; Lead; Link; Marketing; Methods; Microbiology; Modeling; Nutrient; Oils; Organism Strains; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Ozone; Paint; Pathway interactions; Performance; Pesticides; Pharmacologic Substance; Phase; Plant Resins; Plastics; Printing; Process; Production; Public Health; Research; Resources; Risk; Route; Safety; Series; Site; Solvents; Specific qualifier value; Stream; System; Techniques; Technology; Temperature; Testing; Time; Travel; Trichloroethylene; United States; Validation; Varnish; Water; Water Supply; Waxes; base; bioprocess; cost; cost effective; density; design; design and construction; drinking water; experience; ground water; high risk; innovation; meetings; microorganism; new technology; novel; operation; oxidation; pollutant; prototype; response; restoration; success; tool; wasting; water quality; water treatment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Across the United States, water suppliers and managers are finding dangerous levels of 1,4-dioxane in water. This compound has been used for decades in a wide range of applications including as (1) a solvent in paints, varnishes, and prints; (2) treatment agent in artificial leather, (3) ingredient in pesticides and fumigants, (4), purifying agent in pharmaceuticals, and (5) solvent in resins, oils, plastics, adhesives, waxes, and cement. 1,4-dioxane is a probable human carcinogen at extremely low levels in water (parts-per-billion). It is highly soluble and thus travels extensively in underground water systems Most importantly, no conventional water treatment technologies can remove 1,4-dioxane from water. There are only two routes of eliminating 1,4- dioxane in water: UV or hydrogen peroxide coupled with ozone oxidation (i.e. advanced oxidation), and biological degradation. The energy and chemical costs of UV and chemical oxidation processes are often prohibitively high. There is also a significant risk of producing harmful by-products (such as carcinogenic bromate) and these technologies have limited applicability in certain circumstances Biological degradation also suffers from a number of drawbacks, including process stability, the need to induce degradation, limited performance, clogging, performance sensitivity, and the production of sludge or secondary waste streams. If these problems can be overcome, however, biological treatment offers a promising method of completely degrading 1,4-dioxane into harmless products and ensuring the integrity of the environment. The proposed research is founded on two novel discoveries. First, a high-rate biological treatment pathway has been found that apparently does not require pre-induction. This discovery may significantly simplify the treatment process. Second, this pathway can be utilized in a new high performance bioprocess that may overcome most or all of the engineering obstacles faced by conventional biological treatments. Specifically, the proposed research builds on and certifies these initial successes by conducting a series of laboratory (kinetic) experiences using 1,4-dioxane alone and in the presence of a co-contaminant, trichloroethylene (TCE). A continuous-flow bioreactor prototype is then designed and constructed. This model is tested extensively over several months using actual groundwater from a contaminated site to determine its specific performance under a range of operating conditions. These performance parameters are used to design a larger pilot-scale reactor that will undergo further refining in a field site in the next phase of research. The primary intended outcome of this research is a high performance bioprocess for eliminating 1,4-dioxane in water resources. Based on successful preliminary studies, it is expected that this new technology will be simpler, more effective, and less costly than any 1,4-dioxane treatment technology available on the market today. Most importantly, the research is intended to provide a valuable tool for protecting and remediating drinking water supplies, thus safeguarding public safety and environmental sustainability. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The quality of our drinking water is directly linked to human health and safety. A probable human carcinogen, 1,4-dioxane, has been found across the United States and we currently lack effective technologies to mitigate the threat it poses. This proposal aims to meet this need by developing a novel high performance water technology to degrade 1,4-dioxane into harmless products, thus protecting public health.

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国各地，供水商和管理人员发现水中1，4-二氧六环的危险水平。这种化合物已在广泛的应用中使用了几十年，包括（1）油漆，清漆和印刷品中的溶剂;（2）人造皮革中的处理剂，（3）杀虫剂和熏蒸剂的成分，（4）， 药物中的净化剂，和（5）树脂、油、塑料、粘合剂、蜡和水泥中的溶剂。1，4-二氧六环在水中的含量极低（十亿分之一），可能是一种人类致癌物。它是高度可溶性的，因此在地下水系统中广泛传播最重要的是，没有传统的水处理技术可以从水中去除1，4-二氧六环。去除水中1，4-二氧六环的途径只有两种：紫外线或过氧化氢与臭氧氧化（即高级氧化）和生物降解。紫外线和化学氧化工艺的能源和化学品成本往往高得令人望而却步。生物降解也有许多缺点，包括工艺稳定性、需要诱导降解、性能有限、堵塞、性能敏感性和产生污泥或二次废物流。然而，如果这些问题可以克服，生物处理提供了一种有前途的方法，完全降解1，4-二氧六环为无害的产品，并确保环境的完整性。这项研究基于两个新发现。首先，已经发现了一种高速率的生物处理途径，其显然不需要预诱导。这一发现可能会大大简化治疗过程。第二，该途径可用于新的高性能生物过程，其可克服常规生物处理所面临的大部分或全部工程障碍。具体而言，拟议的研究建立在这些初步成功的基础上，并通过单独使用1，4-二氧六环和存在共污染物三氯乙烯（TCE）的情况下进行一系列实验室（动力学）经验来证明这些初步成功。然后设计并建造了连续流生物反应器原型。该模型进行了广泛的测试，在几个月内使用实际的地下水从污染的网站，以确定其特定的性能在一系列的操作条件下。这些性能参数用于设计一个更大的中试规模反应器，该反应器将在下一阶段的研究中在现场进行进一步的改进。的 本研究的主要预期结果是用于消除水资源中的1，4-二氧六环的高性能生物过程。基于成功的初步研究，预计这项新技术将比目前市场上的任何1，4-二氧六环处理技术更简单，更有效，成本更低。最重要的是，这项研究旨在为保护和修复饮用水供应提供一个有价值的工具，从而保障公共安全和环境的可持续性。 公共卫生相关性：我们饮用水的质量直接关系到人类健康和安全。一种可能的人类致癌物1，4-二氧六环已在美国各地发现，我们目前缺乏有效的技术来减轻它构成的威胁。该提案旨在通过开发一种新型的高性能水技术来满足这一需求，将1，4-二氧六环降解为无害产品，从而保护公众健康。