Molecular Pathways Targeted by Potent Antimalarial Pyrazole Compounds

有效抗疟吡唑化合物靶向的分子途径

• 批准号: 8320487
• 负责人: AKHIL B VAIDYA
• 金额: $ 48.87万
• 依托单位: DREXEL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-01 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8320487
• 关键词: Abscisic Acid; Address; Affect; Antimalarials; Binding; Biological Assay; Blood; Ca(2+)-Transporting ATPase; Calcium; Cell membrane; Clinical Trials; Collaborations; Computer Simulation; Critical Pathways; DNA; Data; Dehydration; Development; Electrons; Event; Future; Gene Expression Profile; Generations; Genes; Goals; Growth; Homeostasis; Institutes; Investigation; Laboratories; Lead; Light; Lipids; Malaria; Mammalian Cell; Mediating; Medicine; Methods; Microscopic; Molecular; Motor; Mus; Mutation; Myosin ATPase; Nature; Parasite resistance; Parasites; Parasitic Diseases; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phenotype; Phosphoproteins; Phosphorylation; Physiological; Plants; Plasmodium falciparum; Process; Protein phosphatase; Proteins; Pyrazoles; Regulatory Pathway; Resistance; Series; Signal Transduction; Staging; Structure; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tertiary Protein Structure; Testing; Transgenic Organisms; Universities; Washington; Work; base; calcium-dependent protein kinase; cytotoxic; design; feeding; genome sequencing; insight; interdisciplinary approach; killings; mutant; novel; pre-clinical; premature; receptor; response; sodium-translocating ATPase; steroidogenic acute regulatory protein

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Malaria remains the most important parasitic disease in the world, affecting hundreds of millions of people and killing almost a million every year. Antimalarial drugs are the mainstay of malaria control, but the spread of parasite resistance to most antimalarials is of grave concern. To address this concern, concerted efforts have been directed at discovering and developing new antimalarial drugs, with some encouraging early results. Yet, it is clear that for the foreseeable future we would need to feed the pipeline of antimalarials, because resistance to new drugs is sure to arise. Recently, we have discovered a series of compounds with a pyrazole core that demonstrate highly potent antimalarial activity. These compounds are undergoing the process of development as an antimalarial drug with a novel structure. Our data also suggest that their mode of action is likely to target a vital and a hitherto unknown vulnerable pathway in malaria parasites. By applying a variety of approaches, we propose to uncover the nature of this pathway and its molecular components. The aims we propose here will use both empirical and hypothesis-driven approaches to identify molecular mechanisms underlying this promising series of compounds. We will employ a variety of methods to assess changes occurring in P. falciparum blood stages as they are rapidly being killed by the pyrazole compounds. These will include: phosphoprotein profiling, transcriptome changes, changes in metabolites, calcium homeostasis, and morphological changes at both light and electron microscopic levels. These studies will provide clues, as well as confirmation, regarding the pathways affected by the compounds. Recent studies suggest that pyrazoles and another series of potent antimalarials, spiroindolones, may be working through a common pathway. We will assess common features in mode of action of these two chemically distinct compounds. We will test a hypothesis that the pyrazole compounds are targeting a pathway similar to phosphorylation regulatory mechanisms observed in plants. This hypothesis is based on our initial observation of mutations discovered through whole genome sequencing of resistant parasites that we found to be important in imparting the resistance phenotype. Overall, these studies has the potential not only to understand mechanism of action for promising antimalarials but also to reveal new targets for future investigations.) PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: There is an urgent need to discover, develop and deploy new antimalarial drugs. This project is based on recent discovery of highly potent antimalarial compounds with a novel chemotype. The project aims to uncover a vulnerable molecular pathway affected by these compounds and to identify additional potential targets within the pathway. Successful identification of the target will also permit better design of potential drugs.

描述（由申请人提供）：疟疾仍然是世界上最重要的寄生虫病，影响数亿人，每年造成近100万人死亡。抗疟药物是疟疾控制的支柱，但寄生虫对大多数抗疟药物的耐药性的传播令人严重担忧。为解决这一关切，已作出协调一致的努力，以发现和开发新的抗疟药物，并取得了一些令人鼓舞的初步成果。然而，很明显，在可预见的未来，我们将需要补充抗疟药物的供应，因为对新药的耐药性肯定会出现。最近，我们发现了一系列具有吡唑核心的化合物，其表现出高效的抗疟活性。这些化合物正在作为具有新结构的抗疟疾药物进行开发。我们的数据还表明，它们的作用方式可能针对疟疾寄生虫中一个重要的、迄今为止未知的脆弱途径。通过应用各种方法，我们建议揭示这一途径及其分子组成的性质。我们在这里提出的目标将使用经验和假设驱动的方法来确定这一系列有前途的化合物的分子机制。我们将采用各种方法来评估恶性疟原虫血液阶段发生的变化，因为它们被吡唑化合物迅速杀死。这些措施包括：磷蛋白谱、转录组变化、代谢物变化、钙稳态和光镜和电镜水平的形态学变化。这些研究将提供线索，以及确认，关于受化合物影响的途径。最近的研究表明，吡唑和另一系列有效的抗疟药螺吲哚酮可能通过一个共同的途径起作用。我们将评估这两种化学性质不同的化合物作用方式的共同特征。我们将测试一个假设，即吡唑化合物靶向的途径类似于在植物中观察到的磷酸化调节机制。这一假设是基于我们对通过抗性寄生虫的全基因组测序发现的突变的初步观察，我们发现这些突变在赋予抗性表型方面很重要。总的来说，这些研究不仅有可能了解有希望的抗疟药物的作用机制，而且还可能揭示未来研究的新靶点。 公共卫生相关性：迫切需要发现、开发和部署新的抗疟药物。该项目基于最近发现的具有新化学型的高效抗疟化合物。该项目旨在揭示受这些化合物影响的脆弱分子途径，并确定该途径中的其他潜在靶点。靶点的成功鉴定也将允许更好地设计潜在的药物。