Adolescent peer and family precursors of adult psychosocial functioning

项目摘要/摘要 这一竞争性的延续方案考察了青少年同龄人和家庭的发展模式。 预测成年后长期心理社会结果的经验。我们建议遵循多元化的 社区样本包括172名青少年、他们的父母、同龄人和13至27岁的恋人。我们 关注青春期的两个阶段--建立自主性和维护和建设 社会纽带和假设这些任务的解决将是理解 成人心理社会功能的特点。我们还评估重要的认知、情感和语境 可能调节青少年与成人关系质量的连续性和间断的因素 可能成为干预努力的目标。我们将我们的努力归结为三个主要目标： 目标1：父母和同龄人对成人关系质量的预测：我们从寻找关键因素开始 持续到成年早期的青春期人际关系品质的连续性。我们将重点放在预测因素上 成人关系的各个方面，尤其是社交孤立和敌意，都与两者密切相关 心理和身体健康。 目标2：从青春期到成年期的连续性和不连续性的调解人和调解人： 接下来，我们检查几个可能调解连续性或解释不连续性的过程 在目标1中确定。我们关注三个具体因素：个体的依恋组织、拒绝 敏感性，以及重大的发展/背景转变。 目标3：成人早期适应结果：青春期的直接和中介途径：最后，我们 考虑青春期成年期内化和外化症状的预测因素，以及 发展职能自主性？管理自己的事业、财务和住宿的能力 需要。我们评估了这15年间青少年关系质量的两个直接预测， 以及通过成人关系质量(目标1)和干预因素(目标2)进行的预测。 这项研究建立在大量研究的基础上，这些研究检查了功能的关系预测因素 青春期内，但现在试图通过确定许多 被认为在青春期很重要的社会关系的品质实际上 预测成年后的长期生活结果。因此，它试图告知：a)家长、教育工作者和 从事青少年和早期成人工作的临床医生；b)针对育儿行为和/或同伴的干预 影响(如犯罪、攻击性和药物滥用预防和治疗方案)；以及c) 开发关于社会关系和功能结果之间的联系的理论 寿命的一部分。项目叙事 这项研究试图确定青少年与同伴关系的基本品质 以及预测成人心理功能长期成败的父母。它是 旨在提供知识，最终减少两者外部化的发生率 症状(例如，犯罪、攻击性、药物滥用)和内化症状(例如， 抑郁、焦虑、社交孤立)青春期晚期和成年期早期：a) 父母、教育工作者和从事青少年和早期成人工作的临床医生；b)干预 针对育儿行为和/或同伴影响(例如，青少年、攻击性和 药物滥用预防和治疗方案)；以及c)发展相关理论 在生命的这一关键阶段，社会关系和功能结果之间的关系。

Project Summary/Abstract This competing continuation proposal examines a developmental model of adolescents' peer and family experiences as predictors of long-term psychosocial outcomes in adulthood. We propose to follow a diverse community sample of 172 adolescents, their parents, peers, and romantic partners from ages 13 to 27. We focus upon two stage-salient tasks of adolescence¿establishing autonomy and maintaining and building social bonds¿and hypothesize that the resolution of these tasks will be fundamental to understanding qualities of adult psychosocial functioning. We also assess important cognitive, affective, and contextual factors that may mediate continuities and discontinuities from adolescent to adult relationship quality and that may potentially serve as targets for intervention efforts. We organize our efforts into three primary Aims: Aim 1: Parent and Peer Predictors of Adult Relationship Quality: We begin by seeking to identify critical continuities in adolescent relationship qualities that persist into early adulthood. We focus upon predictors of aspects of adult relationships¿particularly social isolation and hostility¿known to be closely linked to both mental and physical health. Aim 2: Mediators & Moderators of Continuities and Discontinuities from Adolescence to Adulthood: We next examine several processes that potentially mediate the continuities or account for the discontinuities identified in Aim 1. We focus on three specific factors: the individual's attachment organization, rejection sensitivity, and major developmental/contextual transitions. Aim 3: Early Adult Adaptational Outcomes: Direct & Mediated Pathways from Adolescence: Finally, we consider adolescent-era predictors of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in adulthood and of the development of functional autonomy¿the capacity to manage one's own career, financial, and residential needs. We assess both direct predictions from adolescent relationship qualities across this fifteen-year span, as well as predictions mediated via adult relationship qualities (Aim 1) and intervening factors (Aim 2). This study builds on the vast body of research that has examined relational predictors of functioning within adolescence but now seeks to extend and ground this research by determining which of the many qualities of social relationships that have been identified as important within adolescence are actually predictive of long-term, life outcomes in adulthood. As such, it seeks to inform: a) parents, educators, and clinicians working with adolescents and early adults; b) interventions targeting parenting behaviors and/or peer influences (e.g., delinquency, aggression, and substance abuse prevention and treatment programs); and c) developing theories of the links between social relationships and functional outcomes across this critical portion of the lifespan. Project Narrative This study seeks to identify essential qualities of adolescents' relationships with peers and parents that predict long-term success or failure in adult psychological functioning. It is designed to provide knowledge that will ultimately reduce the incidence of both externalizing symptoms (e.g., delinquency, aggression, substance abuse) and internalizing symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety, social isolation) in late adolescence and early adulthood by informing: a) parents, educators, and clinicians working with adolescents and early adults; b) interventions targeting parenting behaviors and/or peer influences (e.g., delinquency, aggression, and substance abuse prevention and treatment programs); and c) developing theories of the links between social relationships and functional outcomes across this critical portion of the lifespan.